Tumulus de Bougon

The tumulus of Bougon form a Nécropole gone back to 4700 years before J. - C., which makes some oldest of Europe. A museum of prehistory was built near the Tumulus by the General advice of the Two-Sevres.

Description

The site is with the place known as " Chirons" , in a loop of the Bougon river, on a calcareous plate.

The tumulus has

It forms a hillock 40 meters in diameter, limited by triple facing. It dates from and contains a sepulchral room of 7,80 meters out of 5 meters a 2,25 meters height. The single flagstone of 90 tons is supported by pillars which on the one hand form the walls and for two of them placed at the center of the room, share space. Laid out in three layers, 200 skeletons rested there.

The tumulus was re-used with the OJ while reaching the funerary room by the top of the hillock.

The tumulus B

It is long a 36 meters, broad 8 meters and orientatée construction East-West. It is formed of the B1 room of 2 meters out of 1 meter 50 after a 2 meters long corridor 20 and B2 room which contained tops of the skull aligned on two lines.

Close to the tumulus B one found two dolmens angoumoisins with quadrangular room built in perfectly regularized flagstones monoliths and two small trunks out of stone and of the shards dated from the end of the Neolithic old.

The tumulus C

It complex, is made of two tumulus of covered then with ground.

The tumulus C1, 24 meters in diameter, is made of a small dolmen to the very neat architecture whose funerary room of 2 meters over 1,45 contained four skeletons, of which that of an old woman, and offerings: cut ceramics and flints.

The tumulus C2 was built then and was coupled to him. It is limited by a wall of facing and does not comprise a funerary room but several burials. It is rectangle a 40 m length and 20 m broad.

The tumulus C3 recovers the tumulus C1 and C2 and form a mass 57 meters in diameter. That would be a construction of judgment.

The tumulus D

It is a mysterious, long 35 2 meters meters and broad construction, directed Northern South, which divides the necropolis into two parts, on the one hand the tumulus has, B and C, and on the other hand the tumulus E and F.

The tumulus E

Of rectangular form and 22 meters out of 10 meters it contains two dolmens with corridor.

the E1 room measures three meters in diameter and contained the bones of 5 or 6 people and some offerings.
the E2 room was re-occupied and transformed: of round it became rectangular.

The tumulus F

It is a trapezoidal tumulus of 72 meters, broad 12 meters in the South and 16 meters in the North which is made of three parts:

the tumulus F0 is made of a circular room of a diameter of 2 m 50 and it was built in first half of. It contained ossement approximately ten people, of which children, and some offerings: punches in bone, a wolf's teeth perforated, flint tools, two ceramics.

the tumulus (F1) is long and does not contain a sepulchral room.

the tumulus F2 is located at the end of the tumulus F1.Il comprises a square funerary room of approximately 5 meters on side closed by a single flagstone of 32 tons.

History

With the Dolmen of Pierre Raised, on the road of Exoudun, and the tumulus located road of Pamproux, the commune of Bougon has a remarkable whole of megaliths of which oldest would be.

On the land register of 1819 two stone hillocks or heap, in patois " chirons" , are identifiable. The excavations begin in 1840 and quickly the Dolmen of the Tumulus has, intact, is put at the day and of the surveys carried out in the tumulus E reveal the existence of a formed stone enclosure and allow the discovery of human bones. A trench highlights the flagstone of ploughed up cover of the tumulus F. And in 1845, the facings of the tumulus C and the funerary room are found.

Of 1873 with 1878 the General advice of the Two-Sevres buys the grounds. Of 1895 at 1968, it will have there no excavation, they begin again in 1968.

The museum of the tumulus of bougon was inaugurated in 1993.

Notes and references of the article

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