Tuğra
The Tuğra , will tughra or will tugra ( طغراء; Tuğra ), are a Turkish word indicating the monogram of the Sultan S Othoman S.
It presented, in the form of a very elegant penmanship, the name of the sultan, his title and its direct ascent, the kunya (father and mother), as well as the formula " always victorieux".
It started and authentifiat the imperial official documents, decorated the monuments built during the reign, the fountains… They appeared about at the same time as the signatures in Europe in all the states of culture Turk (Khanat of Kazan, at the Tatars…) The visitor can admire representation of it on several monuments essaimés through the old Othoman capital, Istanbul.
Elsewhere
They since are also used elsewhere (Russia, Japan…)
See too
Internal bonds
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