Trypsin

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The trypsin is a digestive Enzyme pancreatic juice the purpose of which is to digest the Protéine S. It is synthesized in the form of trypsinogen (inactive proenzyme) then stored in the enzymatic blisters of the acinous cells, from where it is excreted at the time of digestion. The activation of trypsin trypsinogen is the result of the hydrolysis of propeptide under the action of the entérokinase or by effect of autoactivation of trypsin itself.

Trypsin is a endoprotéase which hydrolizes the peptide connections in which a basic amino-acid (Lysin (Lily), Arginine (Arg)) engage its acid function. It crosses out of C-terminal of these amino-acids. Into other words, it transforms the chains polypeptide S into shorter proteinic chains. Trypsin is found at the majority of the animals. this enzyme is very much used for approaches of research into proteomic, especially for the characterization and sequencing of proteins. It is also used in Imagery by mass spectrometry on fixed and paraffined fabrics (FFPE).

Stable with acid pH (<7), it inactivated and is digested in a few hours with neutral pH (=7) in the intestine. The cholecystokinine-pancréozymine activates the secretion of the enzymes (thus of trypsin) in pancreatic juice.

Trypsin is used in cellular Culture to detach the cells cultivated on box of Petri (because the cells are very spread out over the box). The action of trypsin is inhibited by an addition in excess of the culture medium; the cells are found then in solution. This treatment is daily used in cellular biology for:

  • to amplify the cellular cultures (while passing to a box of larger Petri or by multiplying the boxes!)
  • to count the cells via a meter of cells (apparatus which recognizes a given diameter of a molecule)

Trypsin is also used in Immuno-hematology for the research of the irregular Anticorps.

Trypsin takes part for example in the activation of other enzymes like alpha-chymotrypsine by hydrolytic cut of the polypeptide chain of chymotrypsinogen.

this enzyme is also useful at the time of the 2nd week of the human embryonic development. it is secreted by the Trophoblaste in order to " digérer" the pellucid zone surrounding the blastocyste. This phenomenon is called the blossoming.

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