A troubadour (of the Occitan trobador ) is a poet, a singer, during the Moyen-âge, in the Limousin, Guyenne and in Provence, like in Catalogne and Italy. The term troubadour is used to appoint the artists being expressed in Langue of oc (the Limousin, auvergnat, of Provence…). It comes from the verb occitan trobar , which wants to say to find ( trobar clus ). The female counterpart of the troubadour is the Trobairitz.

History

It is at the 12th century that Courtly love was born the (“ fin' amor ” in oc), literary kind of which the invention is allotted to Guillaume IX of Poitiers, told to the Troubadour (1071 - 1127). It was a model for generations of Trouvère S ( troubadour has as an equivalent trouvere in Langue of oil, and Minnesänger (Ménestrel) in German). Impresses heroic values suitable for the Chevalerie, its fine amor is often realistic and frankly carnal, does not draw aside the Adultère, but evokes also delicate feelings.

The courtly love developed to answer very precise rules, finally codified by several stops taken at the court of Aliénor of Aquitaine. The courtly love uses several kinds:

• the Song (most current): five or six verses built on the same rhymes;
• the paddle describes with brevity the alarm clock of the two lovers by the cry of a guettor;
• the Serenade , depicts the lamentations of the knight in love;
• the Sirventés are Satire S more Politique S and morals;
• the Planh is a song of mourning;
• the Play left and the tenson make it possible several troubadours to discuss questions of love;
• the Pastourelle depicts the Amour for a shepherdess;
• the Ballade , intended to be danced.

The queen Aliénor, grand-daughter of Guillaume IX, very cultivated, played a considerable part in the diffusion of the Idéologie of the love courteous.

Some famous troubadours

• Aimeric de Péguilhan

• Alphonse II of Aragon
• Arnault de Tintignac
• Arnaut Daniel
• Arnaut-Guilhem de Marsan
• Bernard de Ventadour (Bernart de Ventadorn)
• Beatritz de Dia, (Trobairitz)
• Bertran de Born
• Blacatz
• Cercamon
• the king of Portugal, Denis 1st of Portugal'' known as the King-Troubadour''
• Ernoul el Vielh
• Folquet de Marselha
• Gaucelm Faidit
• GUI of Custom
• Guilhem Peire Cazals
• the count-duke of Poitiers Guillaume '' says the Troubadour '' (Guilhèm IX of Peitieus dich Guilhèm lo trobador )
• Guilhèm de Cabestanh
• Guilhèm de Cervera
• William of Orange
• Guiraut de Bornelh
• Guiraut Riquier
• Jacques II of Aragon
• Jaufré Rudel (Jaufre Rudèl)
• Marcabru
• Martin Codax
• Peire Cardenal
• Peire de Castelnou (Pierre de Châteauneuf)
• Peire Vidal
• Perdigon
• Pierre III of Aragon
• Raimbaut d' Aurenja (Raimbaut d' Orange).
• Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
• Raimon de Miraval
• the king of England Richard Lion-hearted (Ricard Còr de Leo)
• Savary Ier de Mauléon
• Sordello
• CPU of Saint Circ

See too

Related articles

• Aède ;
• Academy of the floral Plays;
• Assag (courteous rite);
• Bard S;
• Chanson de geste;
• Court of love;
• Flamenca ;
• Juggler S;
• Language of oc;
• Minnesang ;
• Repents;
• Style troubadour;
• Trobairitz ;
• Trouvere;
• Trova .