Trophy of the Alps
Located on the commune of Turbie (the Alpes-Maritimes), and overhanging the principality of Monaco, the trophy of the Alps was built by the Roman Emperor Auguste to celebrate his final victory over the old tribes Ligures which populated the area, and which attacked the tradesmen borrowing the Roman ways to sell their goods. On one of the stones of the tower the list of these Ligurians is engraved. Pline Old the gave a transcription of it:
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“In Imperator César, made divine César, Auguste, Grand pontiff, Imperator for XIVe time, year XVII of its power tribunitienne, the Senate the Roman people, in memory of what, under its orders and its auspices, all the alpine people, since the sea Supérieure until Lower, were subjected to the Roman empire. Overcome alpine people:
- * Triumpilins,
- * Camunes,
- * Vénostes,
- * Vennonètes,
- * Isarciens,
- * Breunes,
- * Génaunes,
- * Focunates,
- * four nations vindelicians,
- * Consuanètes,
- * Rucinates,
- * Licates,
- * Caténates,
- * Ambisuntes,
- * Rugusces,
- * Suanètes,
- * Calucons,
- * Brixentes,
- * Lépontiens,
- * Vibères,
- * Nantuates,
- * Sédunes,
- * Vérargres,
- * Salted them,
- * Acitavons,
- * Médullees,
- * Ucènes,
- * Caturiges,
- * Brigians,
- * Sogiontiens,
- * Brodiontiens,
- * Némalones,
- * Édenates,
- * Ésubians,
- * Véamins,
- * Gallites,
- * Triulattes,
- * Ectins,
- * Vergunnes,
- * Éguitubes,
- * Némentures,
- * Oratelles,
- * Néruses,
- * Vélaunes,
- * Suètres. ”
- * Triumpilins,
This trophy did not have any military vocation and did not have in its center any refuge. It marked the border between the Italy and the Narbonnaise, pushed back later with the river Var. However, between the 12th century and the 15th century, the trophy becomes fortress and the houses are attached to the enclosing wall. In 1705, when the war between France and Savoy began again, Louis XIV ordered the destruction of all the fortresses of the area, and thus partially exploded it. The trophy becomes a true career then, and its stones are useful inter alia with construction of the church Saint Michel of the old village. Its partial rebuilding was started by archeologists at the beginning of the 20th century.
It is now the principal tourist attraction of the commune of Turbie.
The calcareous stone necessary to set up the Trophy of Auguste was extracted from the “Roman career”, located at approximately 500 meters from there, and where one can still see the traces of the sections of columns, cut out in the stone.
The immediate environment of the Trophy is rich in vestiges of the Roman empire, of which famous “the Roman ways”. It is on the via Julia Augusta (of the name of the emperor Auguste, continuation of the Via Aurelia which connected Vintimille to Cimiez (Nice). Various fountains on the territories of the communes of Beausoleil and Roquebrune-Cape-Martin are famous Romans.
Currently the restored tower makes 35 meters in height.
In the beginning (according to the architects Formigé father and wire) the principal base made 35 m length, the 1st platform 12 m in height, rotunda of 24 columns and the statue of Auguste trônait to 49 m height.
According to the date of its dedication, its construction was completed in -6/-7.
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