One calls Trojan Cycle , Cycle epic or very short Cycle , a whole of epopee S illustrating the Trojan War, of his remote origins (the Titanomachie) until the events described by Iliade and the Odyssey .
The term “Cycles epic” is also sometimes used to indicate a more important whole of works which counts, in addition to the Trojan Cycle, the Cycle thébain (history of Oedipus, of the Seven against Thèbes and the Épigones) and the Titanomachie (account theogonic nonhesiodic).
Cyclic poets
See also: cyclic Poets
These epopees are quoted by the Old ones and are allotted to poets known as “cyclic” like Panyassis, Stasinos, Agias de Trézène, Hégésias, Arctinos de Milet, Eugammon de Cyrène or Leschès de Pyrrha, more or less contemporaries of Homère ({{VIIIe}} - seventh century BC).
These names remain subjects to deposit: until fifth century BC, much of these works were allotted to Homère itself. Thereafter, the scholars as Aristote took the practice to speak about the “poet of the Chants cypriens ”, for example, without quoting of names. It was only with the hellenistic time that names were produced in great number, often several for the same work.
Dating
The dating of the poems is also difficult. Certain traditions make cyclic poets of the disciples of Homère. Aristarque de Samothrace thinks that they were posterior to the Poet. According to the Welded or Eusèbe de Césarée, Arctinos de Milet lived rather with, and the other cyclic poets followed it. However, whereas Eusèbe depicts Arctinos reaching its apogee during the first Olympiade, Cyrille of Jerusalem makes this period that of its birth… The dates provided by the Old ones thus appear drawn randomly.
Modern criticism tried a lexicological approach . However, one could reproach him an insufficient corpus (a few hundreds of worms in very for the whole of the Cycle). Moreover, criticisms ended in varied and contradictory results. Thus, Malcolm Davies concerns the atticisms in the text of the Chants cypriens , whereas at the conclusion of a similar approach, Richard Janko dates the poem from.
Contents of the poems
We lost the text of these works. They are known for us only by summaries of mythographes like Proclos, and of scholiastes.
Their material was abundantly re-used by the posterior authors. Certain traces can be visible in the Homeric poems: thus, allusions to the Argonautes ( Odyssey , XII, 69-72) or the episode on Méléagre ( Iliade , IX, 543-599) can be interpreted like allusions to other well-known works of the time.
The Cycle is traditionally broken up as follows:
See too
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