The Death camp Nazi of Treblinka ( Vernichtungslager Treblinka ) - name of village located at 4 km in Mazovie (Poland) - in activity the July 23rd 1942 entered at the same time as the first evacuations of the ghetto of Warsaw. The September 21st 1942, is after hardly 2 months of activity, more than 245.000 Juif S of the Ghetto as of 112.000 Jews coming from other places in the district of Warsaw had been assassinated there. More than 337.000 Jews of the district of Radom, 35.000 of the district of Lublin and 107.000 of the district of Białystok were exterminated there in the months which followed. Thousands of Jews coming from other countries were also exterminated there: 7.000 of Slovakia, 8.000 coming from the Concentration camp of Theresienstadt, 4.000 Jews of Greece, and 7.000 Jews of Macedonia like more than 2.000 gypsy S.

The camp was divided into two. A part, in the south and the west, contained the station, the hutments for stripping and the cut of the hair, men and women separated, the hangars of storage of the skins, a way leading to the gas chambers, of the hutments to place the prisoners in charge to ensure the operation of this part as well as a great place of call. The other part included/understood the gas chambers, the pits where the corpses burned, and hutments of the second group of prisoners. It was formally interdict to communicate between the two parts.

No one was not to know what occurred in the camp, and the deportations being done in the beginning from Warsaw in normal trains, since the Nazis made believe that it was about a transfer towards free grounds to the east, a woman of German officer who arrived in the camp by error of train was killed with his/her two children on order of Berlin.

Outside the camp the German residences of the S and the guards were (mainly of the Soviet prisoners of war as well as recruits among the Polish or Ukrainian civilians). More than 700 captive Jews ensured operation; there were 10 officers S and 100 guards. Commanders of the death camp: Irmfried Eberl, until August 1942, Franz Stangl, until August 1943, and Kurt Franz.

Treblinka was a camp intended exclusively for the Final solution. With the closing of the camp, all the Jews which had worked there were gauzes and the bodies flarings. The totality of the camp was destroyed and a farm was established there. The testimony of the survivors who succeeded in fleeing at the time of a revolt made it possible to know the existence of this camp It was to be the same about it for the totality of the death camps.

External bonds

• the Hell of Treblinka, Vassili Grossman, 1945, integral Version
• TREBLINKA

See too

• List of the concentration camps Nazis
• Aktion Reinhardt

Literature

• Martin Gray, In the name of all mine , in which the author recalls his passage to Treblinka and the way in which it managed to survive it.