The Traité of Turkmanchai (also written Turkemanchay , Turkamanchay , Torkamanchai ) is a treaty by which the Empire Perse, more commonly known today under the name of Iran, lost many septentrional territories with the profit of the imperial Russia after its defeat in 1828 at the end of the Guerre Russo-Iranian woman of 1826-1828.

The treaty was signed the February 21st 1828 (5 Shaban 1243 of the Islamique calendar) by Haj Mirza Abol-hasan Khan and Asef o-dowleh, chancellor of Fath Ali Shah, for the Persian part, and by the General Ivan Paskevich representing imperial Russia.

As it was the case for the Traité of Golestan, Persia was forced to sign the treaty by Russia, since it did not have an other alternative after the defeat of Abbas Mirza. The Russian general had threatened to conquer Teheran in 5 days if the treaty were not signed.

By this treaty:

1. Under the terms of article 4 of the treaty, Persia loses sovereignty on Erevan (capital current of the Arménie), the Nakhitchevan, Talysh, the areas Ordubad and Mughan (which forms now part of the Azerbaïdjan) in addition to all the grounds annexed by the Russia under the terms of the Traité of Golestan.

2. the river Araks is the new border between Persia and Russia, " since Ararat ghal' eh to the mouth of the river with Astara ".
3. Under the terms of article 6 of the treaty, Persia promised to pay 10 gold Koroor in Russia (in currency of 1828).
4. Under the terms of article 8, the Persan ships lose the right to sail on the Caspian Sea and its coasts, right which is given to Russia.
5. Persia recognizes rights of capitulation for Russian in Persia.
6. Under the terms of article 10, Russia gains the right to send consuls where she wishes it on the territory of Persia. By this same article, Persia is forced to sign the economic treaties that Russia will propose to him.
7. Under the terms of article 13, exchange of prisoner of war.

Under the terms of article 7, Russia promises to support Abbas Mirza as a heir to the throne of the empire of Persia in the event of died of Fath Ali Shah. (this never materialized since the son died before the father)

1. Persia is officially excused not to have respected the promises made in the Traité of Golestan.
2. Under the terms of article 15, Fath Ali Shah promises not to repress any movement secessionist of Khanats in the area of the Azerbaïdjan.

Today, the Iran regards officially this treaty and the precedent (Traité of Golestan) as the treaties more humiliating for the country during its thousand-year-old history. This treaty is one of the reasons for which Iranian regards Fath Ali Shah as one of the most inefficient leaders of Iran.

References

• H. Pir Denied, Abbas Eghbal Ashtiani, B. Agheli. History off Persia . Tehran, 2002. p.673-686. ISBN 9646895166

See too

• Treated of Golestan

• Treated of Akhal

Random links:

Gross domestic product of the United States of America | Archipelago of Vega | Gaston Nicole | Automobile Grand Prix of Australia 1988 | Speed limits in Sweden