Treaty of Paris (1815)
See also: Treaty of Paris
The Traité of Paris of 1815 was signed the November 20th 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon to the Bataille of Waterloo. After the period of the Hundred Days which followed the escape from Napoleon of the Isle of Elba, it was more severe than the Traité of 1814, negotiated by Talleyrand, taking into account the recent popular support for Napoleon in France: France was brought back to its borders of 1790 except the city and fortress of Sarrelouis which it lost in Prussia - it lost the territorial conquests of the revolutionary armies in 1790 - 92, that the preceding treaty made it possible France to keep - and was to pay 700 franc million of allowances and to maintain with its expenses an army allied occupation 150 000 soldiers on the frontier territories of the country for one five years maximum duration. Whereas some of the Allies, and particularly the Prussia, required initially that France give up an important part of its territory in the east, the competition between the powers and the general wish to ensure the restoration of the Bourbons returned the payment of peace cheaper than it could. This time, France was not signatory: the treaty was initialed by the Great Britain, the Austria, the Russia, and Prussia.
The treaty is promulgated “In the name of the very holy one and indivisible Trinité” , a prefiguration of the return of the exiled Jésuites and renewed role of the religion, particularly of the Roman Catholic church, in reaction at the time Napoleonean. The text of the treaty is short. In addition to “preserving France and Europe of the convulsions which had threatened them by the initiative of Napoleon Bonaparte” , the signatories of the Treaty also condemn the French revolution: “… and by the revolutionary system reproduces in France. ”
The treaty is presented “in the wish to consolidate, by maintaining inviolate the royal authority, and by restoring the application of the constitutional Charter, the order of the things which had been fortunately réétabli in France. ” the constitutional charter to which it was refers with such an amount of hope was the Charte of 1814, granted by Louis XVIII the previous year. While accepting the return of Napoleon, the country had been made guilty, with the eyes of the foreign powers, of a new rebellion, “notwithstanding the paternal intentions of its king” , as the treaty notes it.
The first Treaty of Paris, of the May 30th 1814, and the conclusions of the Congress of Vienna, of the June 9th 1815, were confirmed.
It is necessary to announce Napoleon 1st having issued the abolition of slavery during the Hundred Days, this decision was confimée by the treaty but was not applied.
The same day, in another document, Great Britain, Russia, Austria, and Prussia signed a new pact of Quadruple Alliance.
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