Treaty of Copenhagen

The treated of Copenhagen , concluded on June 6th, 1660, to Copenhagen with the Denmark, mark the end of the war enters the kingdoms of Sweden and Denmark - Norway.

The king of Sweden, Charles X Gustave, wants more than what offers the Traité of Roskilde, concluded in February 1658. Thus, at the summer 1658, it attacks Copenhagen, the Danish capital again, by using its troops still based with the Sjælland, after the first seat of the city. But the city resists. Dutch ships demolish the Swedish fleet and come to protect Copenhagen. Moreover in Jutland, the Danes take again the top, driving out the Swedish army. Charles X Gustave dies in February 1660 in front of Copenhagen, his son Charles XI then becomes king de Suède, at the four years age.

June 6th, 1660 under the aegis of the England, represented by Algernon Sidney, and of the France, represented by Terlon, a peace treaty is concluded between Sweden, directed by Charles XI and Denmark, directed by Frederic III:

Denmark yields to Sweden the Scanie, the Bohuslän, the Blekinge and the Halland, confirming the Traité of Roskilde;
the king of Denmark exchanges the Swedish island of Bornholm against grounds of Scanie pertaining to noble Danish;
the Trondheim then Swedish becomes again Norwegian;
Sweden gives up these conquests in Denmark.

Consequences

In Denmark, the weakened nobility becomes the scapegoat of the losses of the kingdom. Thus, by a coup d'etat, the king Frederic III founds hereditary and absolute monarchy.

The Traité of Oliva, concluded on May 3rd, 1660 enters Sweden, the Poland and the Prussia.

Sources

general History of the European diplomacy, History of the Slavic and Scandinavian diplomacy , François Combes, E. Dentu Publisher-bookseller, 424 pages (available on gallica.bnf.fr)

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Treaty of Copenhagen

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