See also: Transatlantic

A transatlantic is a Paquebot Liner intended for the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean, crossed more or less regular between the America S and the Europe (or the Africa).

This type of ships was born at the end of the 19th century and developed during all first half of the 20th century with the increase in the exchanges between Europe and the American northern continent, making the beautiful days of companies owners of Paquebot S and trading vessels. Among these last, the British Cunard Line and the transatlantic general Company (CGT) French, competed during several decades to offer to their passengers the most luxurious crossings and fastest. At the end of the Fifties, these ships had to make the competition of the first commercial airliners which definitively took the top at the end of the Sixties, confining the few deck chairs remaining with transport of approval or cruising.

Famous ships deck chair

Among the most famous deck chairs, one can quote:
  • the Great Western , first steamer builds specifically for the crossing of the Atlantic, launched in 1837 to England. It reduced half time of crossing (15 days instead of 30)
  • the Oceanic , steamer British of White Star. Launched in 1870 and still with veil and vapor but mark a turning in the luxury of the first classes of the deck chairs.
  • the Kaiser Wilhelm DER Gross , German steamer launched in 1897, holder of the blue Ribbon until another German steamer the Deutschland charms to him in 1900. This German possession of the blue ribbon pushes the English to build steamers " then; géants".
  • the Mauretanie , steamer British of the Cunard, launched in 1906, first steamer with a steam turbine, holder of the blue Ribbon of 1909 to 1929.
  • the Lusitania , Sistership of the Mauretania , launched in 1907, run by a German submarine in May 1915 supporting the entry in war of the United States
  • the Olympic , British steamer of the White Star Line, launched in 1911 and disarmed in 1935, called The Old applicable , the faithful old man. The first ship of more than 45.000 barrels.
  • the Titanic , of the same class as the Olympic , ran at the time of its inaugural cruising in April 1912
  • the Imperator , transatlantic German of the Hapag, launched in 1913, first of a series of 3 with the Vaterland and the Bismarck , first steamer to exceed the 50.000 barrels.
  • the Ile-de-France , French steamer of the transatlantic general Company, launched in 1927. Celebrate for its decoration Art Déco, disarmed in 1959.
  • the Europa , transatlantic German launched in 1930, first steamer with bluff bow and oil-fired boiler. It ensures then of the regular crossings in 5 days.
  • the Rex , transatlantic Italian, launched in 1931 and run by Royal Air Force in September 1944, holder of the blue ribbon of August 1933 in May 1935
  • the Normandy , launched in 1935, with a skittle with the revolutionary drawing and the first turbo-electric propulsion, destroyed by a fire in 1942 in the port of New York, holder of the blue ribbon in 1935 then again in 1937.
  • the Queen Mary , launched in 1936, first of the new British company resulting from the fusion of Cunard and White Line Star, holder of the blue ribbon in 1936, then again in 1938. Disarmed in 1967 and transformed into floating hotel-museum in California.
  • the Queen Elizabeth , launched in 1940, will carry out its first crossing as a transport of troops, disarmed in 1968, transformed into university floating and destroyed by fire in Hong-Kong in 1972. Until 1996, it will be the largest passenger ship ever built, holder of the blue ribbon of 1938 to 1952
  • the United States , transatlantic American launched in 1952, disarmed in 1969, larger steamer ever built in the United States and holder of the blue ribbon since 1952
  • the France , launched in 1962, disarmed prematurely in 1974 then begun again and transformed under the name of Norway into steamer of cruising. At the time of its launching, it was the longest steamer (316 meters) ever built.
  • the Queen Elizabeth 2 , launched in 1969
  • the Queen Mary 2 , launched in 2004, larger steamer ever built at the time.

The Cunard company, with the Queen Elizabeth 2 and the Queen Mary 2 , is the only company to propose regular transoceanic crossings for passengers. These two ships carry out each one the round the world tour from January to April and ensure the Europe-America line of the North (generally between Southampton and New York) from April December. These modern deck chairs keep a particular, lengthened enough form, different from the steamers of cruising, primarily to be able to face the swell of the North Atlantic and not too much “to tire” the structure of the ship.

Deckchair

The name of the armchair " transat" , Apocope of deck chair, comes from the name of these ships.

See too

External bonds

  • Sites on the French deck chairs

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