Trade-guild

Origins

To the full extent of the word .

In the general and human plan, trade-guild of life. A trade-guild is the grouping of living beings of which the goal is: mutual aid, Protection, education, transmission of the Knowledge S between all its members.

So one can imagine very well that this form of trade-guild existed before the bread and the compass, and it should well be admitted that there existed, in its purest form, before humanity, i.e. as of the beginning of the living beings.

In another field, enough surprising, one also speaks about trade-guild but this time it is about the " trade-guild of the plantes" rather of their associations: a radish with a tomato, the effects of the one helps the other, one will move away the parasite from the other…

the Compagnons of Move , created by the Abbé Pierre, has, for example, like drank " to act so that each man, each company, each nation can live, to affirm themselves and achieve themselves in the exchange and the division, like in equal a dignité" , i.e. to help " to divide the pain" , etymological origin of the word Companion.

Trade-guild related to the trades

It probably originates in the great building work of antiquity. Those required the logistic and technical organization building sites and the use of workmen itinerant or imported with the armies; in other words: since the first civilizations sumérienne, Babylonian, Egyptian, etc

It is certain that the first manufacturers, masons, masons stone and Charpentier S, at the origin of the Trade-guild, made use of the compass and other instruments to measure and trace Courbe S and arcs of circles, this as of the first large Construction S.

History

With the Middle Ages exist brotherhoods of trade of which some are always present. The denominations there are found: Apprentice, Main Companion and .

In France , reaction to the system of the corporation S and Jurande S, companions of the companies of trade form a great movement of trade-guild which gives to its members, by their qualification, a certain freedom of displacement and allows them to be freed from the abusive domination of the Masters. Later, this trade-guild was divided into several movements of opposition, in fact, of thought, nun and others, which are at the origin of the movements of the current trade-guild.

These companies preceded the reciprocity and the Syndicalisme . To belong to a trade-guild : ritual practices of the trade-guild

The origins of the trade-guild are drowned in time. Without going back to the pyramids, it could, according to more serious indices, or at least more known, taking stock on the Roman Collegia which organized the trades construction.

The Roman armies surely brought back with them of the manufacturers coming from their conquered countries.

A legend would like that the trade-guild was born at the same time as construction from the Temple of SOLOMON in Judaea. During this construction, a watchword reigned on the building site which was " silence". From where birth of the feature (specific principle of layouts to each trades), to complete work apart from the building site. This explanation would correspond to the two oldest trades in the companions who are the stone size and the frame (very complex trade in layouts). Another explanation could agree to this origin, that of the denominations within the companions of " Country " (workman practitioner its trade on the ground in workshop) and " Côterie" (workman practitioner are trade in height, on the scaffolding), since people of the country during this construction did not wish to take of risk, they thus made come from people of the coast to complete dangerous work on the scaffolding. From where names compagnonnic of " HTTP: /fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pays#Expressions_construites_avec_le_mot_pays Country " and of " Coterie ".

Another approach concerning the origin of the trade-guild During the construction of the time of Solomon, the organization of work, the love of the trade, the Professionalism on this building site and the formation of the Maître towards the pupils make thought of a compagnonnic organization HTTP: /fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_ouvriere_des_compagnons_du_devoir like the trade-guild currently, were these foremen companions? Or did the trade-guild take as a starting point that to build the current trade-guild and that of the time of the construction of the Cathédrales?

Under the name of owe , the trade-guild is attested as of the time of the cathedrals. It holds the secrecies of trade and, to protect the Emploi, it ensures the transmission of it those which of it are worthy in their also giving a formation Morale in the form of a luggage Symbolique. It organizes finally a mutual Assurance resting on the concept of solidarity.

At the 16th century, the trade-guild undergoes a scission related to the Réforme. It will result from it a competition between duties which will cause rough fights to control territories.

The title of Compagnon is allotted to the working which, after having filled its time of Apprentissage on turn of France and having completed a work called commonly Chef-d'oeuvre, on the lathe of France. It is known as work of " réception" (the reception is a ceremony which will give to the candidate the title of companion).

It will continue its formation near various owners and " pays" or " coteries" that it will cotoiera on the lathe of France. During its tour, it will find a house of companions everywhere located in a " Cayenne ". This house is managed by a sparing lady, rams hostess or mother according to the degree of initiation received by the latter. The " Room " , refers to the place where meets the corporation in the " Cayenne ". Within the houses, one finds the " first candidate " who second the mother in the event of absence and the " Wheeler " , or " Rôleur " who is an itinerant companion charged the recruiting.

Badly liked Old Mode, the trade-guild precedes the Syndicalisme by certain aspects, although filiation is not proven. It counterbalanced the corporative capacity or confraternel of the owners and the commercial and it played certainly a part in the first steps of the French revolution although it had also to suffer from the storm as of 1791 with the Loi the Hatter.

The trade-guild takes again force and strength under the Restauration while Compagnon S as Agricol Perdiguier seeks to regenerate it to abolish the last competitions. These efforts will not be able however to anticipate the upheaval brought by the Industrial revolution and the advent of large the Capitalisme.

However, the trade-guild survived. He generally is today well seen, and causes still often admiration. He always transmits - much more than dexterities now revealed - values morals and the love of work well done.

In spite of appearances and a legend appeared at the end of the 19th century, the historical research goes up that the majority of the symbols appeared in the French trade-guild in the current of the 19th century have maconnic origins . Indeed, the Trade-guild is a mainly French tradition, whereas freemasonry appeared in Scotland, then in England, at one time when the Trade-guild was unknown there. Moreover, the symbols of freemasonry refer almost exclusively to masonry, whereas the Trade-guild relates to very many other trades. On the other hand, certain ritual maconnic elaborate in France at the 18th century could take as a starting point the ritual companions of other trades, in particular of the forest rites.

See too

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