The Toyotisme or Ohnisme (of the name of Taiichi Ōno, Engineer at Toyota) is a Organization of work of Japanese origin, which is essential like the improvement of the Taylorisme and the Fordisme. It was initially applied in the Entreprise Toyota.

The toyotism is a post-Taylorism and not a néo-Taylorism:

• Recombining of the work (what three workmen did, only one the fact);
• Participation of the Paid S (participation in the result, the decisions, more communication);
• Installation of quality circles (Ouvrier S and engineers which meets voluntarily and voluntarily to improve quality and the labor productivity)
• a particular relation with its suppliers and its distributers (division of the benefit).

Definition

• the principle of the Juste-with-time or flow tightened.
  L' Aval of the Production order the Amont (i.e. the Entreprise always has the Stock S just necessary and thus ensures its Production according to the orders, which makes it possible to decrease by the useless Dépense S by buying too many Stock S). This principle puts up well with an environment of Social peace. The part must arrive neither too early, nor too late. For that, one needs that the supply of the products is of required number, for the adequate moment and the place required. It is a question of supplying the assembly in parts at the time when those must be assembled on the car. It is the request which directly fixes the quantity and the characteristics of cars that one assembles. Stocks are then eliminated, which makes it possible to reduce the immobilization of the capital, but especially to rationalize work.
• the car-activation of the production, which results in to make to the machines and the workers more qualified and more general-purpose,
• the principle of the five zeros, i.e.:
• Zero breakdown: The chain should not stop, it is necessary to anticipate the problem. The maintenance and the reliability of the machines are thus essential.
• Zero defect: No the casting , nor of reject . When a product not-in conformity is identified and it is put on side. The Manufacturing process must thus limit to the maximum the manufacturing defects. The control of the productive process must be integrated into the line production.
• Zero paper: No the Administration. It is necessary to limit the complex administrative procedures which slow down the decision-making process, and to reduce the red tape.
• Zero time: The production is adapted to the needs for the downstream, in intermediate or finished products. To arrive there it is necessary to set up easily reprogrammable and adaptable processes of production. It is necessary to the minimum to reduce the time between the catch of an order and its satisfaction. The Entreprise must to the minimum reduce the time necessary to change the produced in the course of manufacture.
• Zero stock: No deadlines, therefore not of stocks. Stocks of end products or intermediate products cost expensive the company.
• the principle of the “ autonomation ” of the Production: contraction of “autonomy” and “automation”. It is the capacity of a machine to be stopped as soon as it encounters a problem. The workmen do not have thus to monitor this machine constantly and can work on several machines. This instrument makes it possible to increase the Productivité largely.

The toyotism allows also a greater implication of the employees, possibility of progressing, qualification by continuing education and the shareholding. (At the end of the year, the employees receive actions of the company).

See too

• Kanban
• Management of flows
• Production control