Toul
Toul is a common French, located in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle and the area Lorraine. The inhabitants of Toul are called the Toulois .
Geography
Toul is located on the the Moselle, in the west of Nancy, in a basin formed in the west by the coasts of Meuse (called coasts of Toul, of the name of the wine of the same name) and in the east by the coasts of the Moselle.
History
Toul was founded on a site of old prehistoric habitat by the tribe Gaulois E of the Leuques, which are quoted only once in the Guerre of Gaules. They had as neighbors the Médiomatriques, the Lingons and the Séquanes. Leuques as well as Séquanes and Lingons provided corn to Jules César when the Roman army stopped with Vesontio (Besancon) to be supplied before facing German Arioviste (58 av. J. - C.). (César, De Bello Gallico , I, 40).Toul is occupied by the Romans until the arrival of the Francs. Following the battle of Tolbiac, the king Clovis stopped in Toul and learned the rudiments from Christianity at Saint Waast. The city, which carried at the time Gallo-Roman the name of Tullum Leucorum , became the seat of one évêché at the 4th century and was controlled by its bishops as from the 10th century. Free city of the Holy Germanic Roman Empire and known under the name of Tull , it was occupied by Henri II in 1552 with the remainder of the territory known as of the Three bishoprices and was annexed officially to the France, under the terms of the Traités of Westphalia (1648). The Duchy of Lorraine being integrated into France in 1766, the évêché of Toul was transferred to Nancy in 1777 in order to create the évêché of Nancy - Toul.
Toul was strengthened by Vauban in 1700, then integrated in the defense system of France vis-a-vis the so known East under the name of system Séré de Rivière, since half of the 19th century. Besieged, it had to capitulate at the end of one month to the Prussian troops during the invasion of 1870. It was again the case in 1940, where the city, which opposed a resistance baited in advance of the German troops during 5 days, and its monuments underwent very important damage (40% of the city were destroyed during the second world war). The restoration of its monuments is slow because of the too high costs to be supported by the only city itself. However, since 2001, of the considerable efforts are undertaken with the regional and departmental community and State aid to accelerate this programme of restoration of the City and the cathedral in particular.
Heraldic
The city carries of mouths to the gold tau.
Economy
The surroundings of Toul constitute an old wine soil, the Côtes of Toul, AOC since 1998, where one produces in particular the Gris of Toul.
Administration
Toul is chief town of 2 cantons:- the canton of Toul-North is made of part of Toul and communes of Aingeray, Boucq, Bouvron, Bruley, Dommartin-lès-Toul, Écrouves, the Fontenoy-on-Moselle, Foug, Gondreville, Lagney, Laneuveville-behind-Foug, Lay-Saint-Remy, Lucey, Ménil-the-Turn, Pagney-behind-Barine, Sanzey, Sexey-the-Wood and Trondes (27 102 inhabitants);
- the canton of Toul-South is made of part of Toul and communes of Bicqueley, Blénod-lès-Toul, Bulligny, Charm-the-Coast, the Chaudeney-on-Moselle, Choloy-Ménillot, Crézilles, Domgermain, Gye, Mount-the-Vineyard, Moutrot, Ochey, Pierre-the-Treiche, Sexey-with-Forging mills and Villey-the-Dryness (13 215 inhabitants).
Famous characters
- Pierre d' Ailly, cardinal (1351 - 1420), was canon of Toul and resided at it indeed in 1414
- Marcel Bigeard, general, born in Toul in 1916
- Pierre Choderlos de Laclos became to two years of its life to Toul in garrison
- Laurent de Gouvion-Saint-Cyr (1764 - 1830) marshal of Napoleon (1812), Minister for the war under the Restauration
- Arsène Lejeune, architect
- Louis Majorelle, cabinetmaker decorator, born in Toul in 1859
- Jean-Baptiste Ours, organist of the cathedral of Toul, type-setter (1732 - 1807)
- Jean Raulin (1443-1514), French preacher.
- Nicolas Signac (towards 1585-towards 1655), type-setter.
- Henri de Rigny (1782 - 1835), admiral and French politician, born in Toul.
Tourist monuments and places
- Cathedral blazing Saint-Etienne of style Gothic (frontage) and radiant, built 13th at the 15th century, been next to by the larger second Cloister of France and two vaults Rebirth.
- Collegial Saint-Gengoult of Gothic style with a Gothic cloister of transition blaze-rebirth.
- the city, certainly damaged during the Second world war, watch a rich person architectural variety since the the Middle Ages at our days with in particular the House of the Apothecary of style Rebirth.
- the fortifications of Vauban, some little modified, but always out of water, encircle the downtown area in a water and bosky bower.
Twinning
References
Internal bond
- List of the bishops of Toul
External bonds
- Site of the city
http://www.etudes-touloises.com/
Simple: Toul
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