Top dog
The top dog (in Turkish: sadrazam or vezir-i âzam ) was the Prime Minister of the Ottoman Empire. this title derives from the Persan Vizier (وزير).
Elected in an absolute way by the sultan to manage all the businesses of the State, it was revocable only by the sultan himself. Guard of the imperial Seal, it could convene the other viziers in council called “viziers of the dome” ( Kubbealtı vezirler ), in reference to the architecture of the room of the palate where they met.
At the origin of the Ottoman Empire, only the title of vizier was used. The first of the Othoman viziers to carry the title of top dog was Çandarlı Halil Hayreddin Pasha, in order to distinguish it the other viziers who assisted it.
The original title of vezir-i âzam was gradually replaced by sadrazam , sihgnifiant both top dog . The top dogs also carried the titles of sadr-ı âlî (“high vizier”), vekil-i mutlak (“absolute agent”), sâhib-i devlet (“holder of the State”) or zât-ı âsafî (“nobody viziriale”).
From 1656-1703, the Empire was controlled by a succession of powerful top dogs of the family Köprülü. The function lost thereafter its absolute power because of the weakness of the sultans and the diffusion of the capacity at the lower levels.
After the period of the Tanzimat at the 19th century, the role of the top dogs approached that Prime Minister with the Western direction of the term.
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