Tool

A tool is a finalized object used by an living being with an aim of increasing its natural effectiveness in the action. This increase results by the simplification of the actions undertaken, a greater profitability of these actions, or in the access to impossible actions without this tool.

The tool can be included/understood like a prolongation of the body, an intermediary of action, even as a Prothèse in the direction where it replaces (or even creates) a member or a body. For Michel Greenhouses, the man is a despecialized animal and the tool which will prolong its hand it particularly specializes.

According to the definition above, tool would be almost synonymous with technical object. However, the language running limit in a way rather not very precise the term of tool to objects answering this definition in function

  • of the size, thus, a false is qualified without discussion of tool , which is not the case for a reaping-machine
  • of the degree of automation, the handle with brush of the pilots of avionest qualified tool, discutablement the automatic system of control,
  • even of the scope of application, the tools of kitchens are rather called ustensils , the tools of the draftsman Instruments etc

The term tool can thus be used with difficulty to define a precise technical category. The creation of name “machine tool” is revealing besides of this inaccuracy: if the portable electic drilling machine is still a tool, that is it drill press of bench of the handyman? Is this already a machine tool? From which size, or which degree of complexity does change one category?

For Jacques Grinevald, the revolution carnotienne which involves the swing in a thermo-industrial company with the massive use of fossil energy (coal then Pétrole)

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