Tommaso Campanella

Tommaso Campanella is a monk Dominicain and Italian philosopher , born the September 5th 1568 with Stilo, dead the May 22nd 1639 with Paris.

It entered early the order of the Dominicain S. Campanella formulated a detailed design of the Community life. Polemist, it attacked the Scolastique and, by the boldness of his opinions, was done many enemies. Shown to have conspired against the Spanish S, (then main of Italy), it had many conflicts with the religious authorities of its time, was tortured and imprisoned. He saw himself condemned to a perpetual detention (1599). It is in prison, where it spent 27 years, which it wrote various political treaties. He could leave prison only at the end of 27 years, thanks to the intervention of the pope Urbain VIII, and after having undergone several times the Torture. He took refuge in France, where Richelieu granted a pension to him. Campanella had conceived, about same time as Francis Bacon, the project to reform philosophy and to bring back it to the study nature, than it called the Manuscrit of God ; but too weak for a so vast company, it did nothing but substitute one new system for the already known systems. It derived all our knowledge from the feeling, and looked at all the parts of the world like gifted of feeling.

Works

  • Philosophia sensibus demonstrata , Naples, 1591: it defends there the dogmas of Bernardino Telesio
  • epilogic Philosophie (1594)
  • Métaphysique (1602 - 1610)
  • atheism overcome (1605)
  • Apologie for Galileo (1616), text and translation by Michel Pierre Lerner. Paris, Beautiful Letters, 2001. (Science and humanism). ISBN 2-251-34509-4.
  • Prodromus philosophy instaurandas , Frankfurt, 1617
  • Of the direction of the things and the magic (1620)
  • Philosophia realis , Frankfurt, 1620 and 1623 (including/understanding physics, morals, economics and politics)
  • the City of the Sun or the idea of a philosophical republic (1623). Solar, the city of the sun describes a socializing Utopie much more radical than that of Thomas More. In this ideal world, all is shared. But the distribution of the products and the goods is regulated by magistrates who take care attentively that each one is remunerated according to its merit, according to his works: nothing of what is necessary for him is refused with anybody. Solariens do not know selfishness, because they do not have the direction of the property.
  • Philosophia rationalis , Paris, 1638 (including/understanding grammar. the dialectical one, rhetoric, poetry, history)
  • Universalis philosophia , treated of metaphysics
  • Atheismus triumphatus , where it fights the Athéisme, but rather slightly
  • Civitas solis , kind of Utopia in the kind of the République of Plato, which forms the appendix of its Philosophia realis (it was translated by François Villegardelle, 1841).
  • It wrote on the magic and the Astrologie.
  • It left Lettres and Poésies (transl. by Louise Colet, 1844).

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