Toll
The toll is a right which one must discharge to cross a passage or to borrow a Work of art. It can apply to the people, the Véhicule S, or the transported goods. The term also indicates in the language running the tollbooth (or turn pike) in which this right is perceived.
The word “toll” étymologiquement is étymologiquement connected to the Latin pes, pedis , the foot, because it applied originally to the pedestrian, and not to the verb to pay , as it is often imagined.
History
Formerly, the perception of tolls was rather current, in particular with the entry of the cities. Nowadays, toll is primarily means of financing by the users of important works of art and certain communication networks, which avoids at the State resorting to the tax. These works are generally managed by privately held companies, or of mixed economy, holders of a Concession of exploitation.
Exploitations
In France
In France, toll applies mainly to the network of the Autoroute S of interurban connections, the expressways or of release of the agglomerations being free (with some exceptions, like the Autoroute A14 at the western exit of Paris and the northern ring road of Lyon). It also applies to important works of art, like Pont S (Pont of Normandy, Viaduc of Millau), Pont of the Ile de Ré or Tunnel S (Tunnel Prado-Careenage with Marseilles, Tunnel of Mont Blanc…).
Evolution
A modern form of toll is the urban Péage which consists in making pay the entry in the center town of important agglomerations, and which has especially a dissuasive goal in order to limit the congestion and the Pollution due to the motor vehicle traffic. Such tolls were set up at Oslo, Singapore and London.
One also speaks about toll in other branches of industry by analogy, for example television with toll.
See too
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