Toghrul-Beg

Tuğrul Bey “ the Prince Epervier ”, Turkish prince saljûqide , small wire of Saldjük (993 - 1063). It takes the head of Turkish Saljûqides in 1038, then is proclaimed king and sultan by the Caliph Abbasside of Baghdad in 1058.

Biography

In 1025, after the defeat of Arslan-Israïl, wire of Saldjük, overcome and captured by Mahmûd de Ghaznî, it leaves with his/her brother Tchagri-Beg his bases of the Khârezm and advances towards Khorasan. Towards 1028 - 1029, they seize Merv and of Nichapur then make themselves independent of the Ghaznévides (1031). Toghrul-Beg proclaims sultan of Nichapur (1038).

The August 25th 1040, the Ghaznévides Turks are overcome with Dandãnqãn, in the north of Merv by Saljûqides who occupy the Khorasan. Tchagri-Beg (1040 - 1058) then his/her son Alp-Arslan remains in Khorasan while Toghrul-Beg leaves to the conquest the Iran and of the Iraq.

Toghrul-Beg becomes aware of the attachment of Iranian to a strong and centralized capacity, which contrasts with the anarchistic principles of the Turcomans. It also benefits from the scandal caused by the domination bouyide on the caliph to reinforce the attachment of notable the khorasaniens, which thinks of ensuring the control of the territories reconquered on the Chiisme. The armies Khorasaniennes, equipped well for the catch with the cities, reinforce Turcomans whose force comes especially from mobility.

In 1046, Toghrul-Beg takes Hamadhân, then Ispahan and made Rey (included in current the Teheran) its capital. He is opposed to the attack Fatimides of Egypt against Baghdad (1054), then lance of the raids in Arménie on the area of Van (1054-1055). In 1055, requested by the Abbasid caliph after the negotiations of the lawyer Al Mawardi, it enters Baghdad peacefully and releases the caliph of the supervision of the Bouyides. The Sunnisme is restored. Toghrul-Beg is proclaimed Sultan and emir of the east and the west by the caliph (1058).

With its death in 1063, its nephew Alp-Arslan, wire of Tchagri-Beg, succeeds to him the head of the empire saljûqide.

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