Thrombocytopenia

A thrombocytopenia or thrombopénie is a lowering of the number of Thrombocyte S (blood plates) in the Sang.

In general, the thrombocytemy (= rate of plates) is about 150  000 with 450  000 per mm ³. These limits however are determined by 3rd and 97e Centile S and a variation does not imply a disease inevitably. One speaks about thrombopénie when their figure is lower than 150.000 per mm3, the figure for which the hemorrhages are likely to occur is of 30.000 per mm3. Between 50.000 and 150.000, it is licit Re to check.

Signs and symptoms

Bruising, Nosebleed S and/or bleeding Gums.

Vital It is that has full medical history is elicited, to ensure the low platelet count is not due to has secondary process. Important It is also to ensure that the other blood concealment types Red blood concealments, and White blood concealments, are not also supressed. -->

Risk hemorrhages

Diagnosis

The tests of laboratory can include/understand:
  • blood numeration,
  • hepatic enzymes,
  • renal Function,
  • rate of Vitamin B12 and Folic acid,
  • Sedimentation test.

decreased production gold peripheral destruction . -->

Causes

A thrombocytopenia can be due in varied diseases or pathological states:

    • Example off the first mechanism is the quinidine group off drugs. This is caused by drug depended binding off Fab leaves off the pathological antibody with the platelets, causing the destruction off platelets. FC portion off the antibody molecule is not involved in the binding process.
    • Example off the second mechanism is heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). In this standard the Fab portion off the pathological antibody binds to platelet Factor 4 (PF4). When complexed with heparin gold other drugs, the FC portion off the antibody molecule bind to platelet receptors causing platelet activation. Since FC portion off the antibody is bound to the platelets, they are not available to reticulo-endothelial the FC receptors off the concealments. This may explain, why severe thrombocytopenia not commonly seen in patients with HIT.
    • has full list off known drugs causing thrombocytopenia is available At the linked website. Most off the elderly patient multiple are one medications and the intake off thesis drugs must always Be considered in the differential diagnosis off thrombocytopenia.
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT gold white closes syndrome ): this has rare goal serious condition that may occur in has hospitalized population especially in the cardiac units where they broad are exposed to off quantities heparin. HIT may occur with have delay off 4 to 14 days after exposure to heparin. Ace mentioned above the heparin-PF4 antibody complex will activate the platelets, and this will lead to clotting. With term known ace paradoxical Thrombosis (HITT, where the last T is for thrombosis) is often used to describe this condition.
    • Abciximab - induced thrombocytopenia-->

  • In certain tropical countries, an infection by the Dengue proves to be a rather frequent cause of thrombocytopenia associated with fever.

Treatment

In the event of severe hemorrhage, a transfusion of plates can be necessary (often when the rate of plates per mm ³ is lower than 40  000). Bleeding disorders edge occasionally intranasal Be treated by Desmopressin (ddAVP), which increases plasma levels off Factor VIII and Von Willebrand Factor, two Coagulation proteins. -->

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