The triennial Assolement belongs to an agrarian system in which the cultivated part ( ager ) is divided into three plates . This rotation is typical countries of Openfield.
Operation
The three-year rotation supposes the division of the Finage cultivated in three grounds: a cereal ground of winter (mainly of the Corn), a ground of cereal of spring (Barley, oats) or more rarely of Leguminous and a ground of Fallow.The cycle begin with corn sown with the autumn from the year NR. It is collected in June or July of the N+1 year. Thatches are then delivered to the inhabitants who exert to them Right of use: glanage of the grains, common grazing land. At the exit of the winter, in N+2 March, the cereal of spring is sown and collected N+2 in July. Thatches are again left to the inhabitants and with the herds. Then in year N+3 comes time from the Jachère, i.e. the tillage for the wheat acreage. The fallow consists of two to six major ploughings of the ground, to hide bad grasses, the Fumier brought by the breeding and to accelerate the decomposition of the organic matter. The ground is thus prepared for new cereal sowing of winter N+3 in October.
Extended
In France, the three-year rotation related to the Paris basin, the plains of Alsace and the Garonne, the Poitou. At the European level one especially finds it in the Northern , in England, Germany and in the black cotton soils of Ukraine.
History
The three-year rotation functioned in a collective way in the majority of the soils. Its operation is conditioned with the existence of a saltus (Friche, Lande) in the vicinity, or of a Forêt for the renewal of the fertility by the breeding. Historically, the practice of this rotation is contemporary introduction of the Charrue in Europe about the 9th century: its generalization allowed the agrarian phase of extension and the Défrichement S of, S.
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