Thorax of the insect

At the Insect S, the thorax is one of the three great segments of the Anatomie of the insect. It is the second section of the body, located between the head and the abdomen.
Il carries the three pairs of legs and the wings possible.

It is made of three distinct parts in all the insects:

the Prothorax, or T1,
Mésothorax, or T2,
and the Métathorax, or T3.

These three segments are surrounded by Sclérites: Notum , on the dorsal face, Pleuron , on the sides, Sternum , on the dorsal face.
Each segment declines these names: thus the sclérites of the prothorax are the pronotum , propleuron , and prosternum , those of the mésothorax the mésonotum , mésopleuron , and mésosternum , those of the métathorax the métanotum , métapleuron , and métasternum .

External anatomy

The three carry each one a pair of legs. Those can also be named according to the segment to which they are attached.

The mésothorax and the métathorax can carry each one a pair of wings. With the junction of the élytres in the coleopters, and between the insertion points of the wings the Scutellum, of triangular form is an element used for the identification of many species.

The thorax carries Stigmates of the arthropods, i.e. openings by which the insect breathes by the means of a network of Trachées.

The thorax of the insect can carry various outgrowths (horns, points, spines), as at the Scarabée S (see Dynaste Hercules) or various Hémiptère S.

At certain species, as at the dipterous ones, the thoracic Soies are important for the determination of the various species.

Internal anatomy

The thorax contains the jabot and the Estomac of the insect. It contains also the muscles of the Vol of the insect.

Genetics

The Gènes HOX are responsible for the organization of the body of the insects, to note the role of the gene complex BX-C still called Bithorax.

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