Thibaw

Thibaw (Burmese သီပော္) or Hsipaw , is one of the 34 subdivisions of the State Shan of the Myanmar, the second for the surface with 8.188 km ². It is in the West of the state, in contact with the administrative area of Mandalay. Its capital is the town of Hsipaw since 1714.

Geography

Thibaw counts four subdivisions formerly controlled by prince de Hsipaw. That of Hsipaw itself occupies the center. In the North-West that of Monglong is, in south-west that of Hsum Hsai (Thonze) and in south-east that of Mongtung. Each one of these subdivisions was controlled by a Myosa (a prínce subordinate), load which was often allotted to the heirs to prince de Hsipaw.

The second city is Baw Gyo, to 10 km in the west of Hsipaw. One finds there an important pagoda of the Shan S.

The principal river is Namtu or Nam You, who take his source in the throats of Gokteik and cross Hsipaw.

Thibaw produces mainly rice and the.

Its population is mainly Shan S (65%), with Burmese minorities, Danu, Katxin, Palaung and Taungthu.

Its culture is of origin Thai, strongly influenced by that of the kingdom of Ayutthaya, with elements of the Burmese culture of Mandalay.

History

The capital of Thibaw was originally One Baung. At XVIère century, the prince of this city, Sao Khun Mong, put an end to the first Burmese rebirth (1364 - 1527) while seizing Ava, where he proclaimed king. A few decades later, the king Bayinnaung, who reigned with Pégou, sent an army against One Baung, whose prince, like the other princes shans, had to recognize his sovereignty to preserve his thrones. The shans also had to yield part of their states, whose Mogok (rich in ruby), but the prince of One Baung obtained the confirmation of its preeminence on the other princes shans.

The dynasty of One Baung was maintained, paying tribute with the successive Burmese dynasties: Dynasty Taungû (1535-1752) then Dynasty Konbaung (1752-1885). In 1714, its capital was transferred to Hsipaw. Sao Kya Tung was its saofa for the king of Burma Mindon Min, rewards some for its assistance against Pagan Min.

Under the king Thibaw Min (1878 - 1885), the 18ère prince, Sao Hkun Saing, shown murder of two servants, had to leave the country for the Siam, then for Rangoun, where it was put in prison (1882). Released, it obtained soldiers of the chief Karen Salapaw to take again Hsipaw, which it found in full anarchy; after restorehaving restored its capacity there, it went in March 1886 to Mandalay, where it was submitted to the British (who had cut down the Dynastie Konbaung and had just annexed the High-Burma). Those confirmed it in its possessions. He died the May 8th 1902. Its successor and wire Sao Hke accepted the title of Sir; it was famous for its generosity.

His/her son Sao One Kya abdicated in 1959, when Thibaw became one of the republics of the Union of the States Shan integrated into the Myanmar.

Princes de Hsipaw

  • Sao Hswe Kya 1788 - 1809

  • Sao Hkun Hkwi 1809 - 1843
  • Sao Hkun Paw 1843 - 1853
  • Sao Kya Htun 1853 - 1866
  • Sao Kya Hkeng 1866 - 1881
  • no 1881 - 1886
  • Sao Hkun Saing 1886 - 1902
  • (Sir) Sao Hke 1902 - 1928
  • Sao One Kya 1928 - 1959

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