Theory of the red queen
The theory of the red queen is an assumption of the biology evolutionary proposed and baptized by Leigh Van Valen. She postulates that the environment of a group of organizations (mainly other predatory living organisms, , candidates, or parasitic) would change permanently, so that the effort of Adaptation would be always to start again, and the extinction always so probable.
This theory privileges the biotic Facteurs like selector of the evolution, it is by there an opposition to the theory of the punctuated balances which supports the not-biotic factors such as the climate.
The theory of the red queen leaves the observation by Van Valen that the probability of extinction of a group of living beings is constant during geological times. It is based on the reliability curves, establishes by Van Valen, of about fifty groups of living organisms such as protists, plants and animals.
It draws its name from a famous episode of the book of Lewis Carroll: On other side of the mirror (second shutter, of Alice to the country of the wonders ) during which the main character and the Red Queen launch out in an unrestrained race. Alice asks then: “ But, Red Queen, it is strange, we run quickly and the landscape around us does not change? ” And the queen to answer: “ We run to remain in the same place. ”
This metaphor symbolizes the arms race between the species. Thus, if the natural selection supports the fastest Prédateur S, it supports also the fastest preys, which has as a result an unchanged power struggle between the Espèce S but of the generations of individuals increasingly faster thus of the Espèce S not more " évoluées" with respect to the power struggle.
In this race, the sexuée reproduction is an unquestionable advantage thanks to the constant recombination of the Allèle S which it allows.
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