Theory of the attachment
The Théorie of the attachment is formulated by John Bowlby after work of Winnicott, Lorenz, Harlow, the attachment is one of the primary education needs for the young child, vital and necessary to its survival: the baby sticks to the person who deals with him because it needs some to be reassured and protected. John Bowlby is distinguished from the traditional psychoanalytical point of view of Freud which claims that it is the need which binds the infant to his mother. For the latter, the baby sticks to the mother because it satisfies its vital needs. It is also legitimate to raise the question if the newborn is a aware of its needs. The studies of Piaget show that not. It is as true as Freud was based on presuppositions which had few epistemological values. For John Bowlby who is the initiator of the modern clinical research, the attachment is a primary education need like being nourished, it rises from any other. To stick to an adult, the baby develops a whole of reactions and behaviors in order to make sure of the presence, proximity and availability of the maternal figure. This attachment exists in all the primates, but it is vital for the human ones which are stripped with the birth, longest dependant on care of an adult. However the attachment, far from being only one dependence, is a means for the child of developing a safety which will carry out it towards the possibility of exploring around him then towards autonomy. The modern psychoanalysis became thus, especially in the Anglo-Saxon countries, a branch of psychiatry. The questionnaires which are based on the attachment became tools in order to lay down the emotional development of the individuals and their last. With Mary Ainsworth (Strange Situation has) and Mary Main (AAI - Adult Attachment Interview), a new dash was given for the clinical research in psychoanalysis.
| Random links: | Letter of race | Plouvain | Hamid Temmar | Datnioididae | Mário Teixeira da Costa | Comte_d'Ashburnham |