Theory of the Whole

The name of theory of the Whole indicates a Théorie Physique suitable for describe in a coherent and unified way the unit of the Interaction S described by the fundamental forces. Such a theory was not found at present, mainly because of impossibility of finding a description of the Gravitation which is compatible with the quantum Mécanique, which is the theoretical framework used for the description of the three other known fundamental forces (electromagnetism, weak Force and the strong Interaction).

The name of theory of the Whole is somewhat misleading, because the knowledge of such a theory (if it exists) is likely little to be likely to bring new lightings on a problem of physics as from the moment when this one is not directly related to the structure of the fundamental interactions. For example, a problem of Molecular biology is not likely at all to be solved by the knowledge of a theory of the Whole.

Historical context

Physics as a whole proceeds of a unifying step, seeking to develop theory likely to offer the description of a growing number of phenomenon physiques. Historically, the first effective unification in modern term of theory was carried out by Isaac Newton whose theory of the Universal gravitation explained at the same time the fall of the bodies on Ground and the movement of the Planet S around the Sun. At the end of the 19th century, James Clerk Maxwell gave the unified framework making it possible to describe the magnetic phenomena electric and : the electromagnetism. At the beginning of the 20th century, the discovery of the quantum Mécanique made it possible to propose a coherent microscopic description of about all the phenomena described by the Physique statistics. After the discovery of the weak Interaction and strong Interaction, many attempts was made to propose of it a description unified with the quantum version of electromagnetism, the quantum electrodynamic . This project was partially completed during the Années 1970 by the discovery of the électrofaible Interaction, unifying electrodynamic quantum and weak interaction.

Problems

The principal problem is the unification of the quantum Mécanique and the general Theory of relativity, which respectively describe the phenomena at the microscopic level and the macroscopic level. The quantum term Gravité describes the theories which join together these two theories. But to be a complete theory, the theory of the whole must, moreover, to include the complete description of the four others elementary interactions.

The theory of the quantum Gravitation to loops is a theory candidate concerning quantum gravity but it is not a theory of the whole because it does not take into account the other interactions. The Théorie of the cords is another candidate, because it describes, with the same equations, the four elementary interactions, but it rather badly joins together the theories of quantum mechanics and general relativity and is thus not a theory of the Whole.

The standard Modèle correctly describes the microscopic physics observed in laboratory but does not incorporate the gravitation on the one hand and, in addition, insofar as its existence would be confirmed, it is known that it would not be complete even at the microscopic level because it would not reveal the Matière sinks which would constitute a majority of the matter present in the Univers.

The principal attempt at theory of the Whole currently developed is the Théorie of the supercordes.

See too

Theoretical physics

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