The theophylline is a Alcaloïde of the type Méthylxanthine. It is about 1,3-dimethyl the xanthine. It is the principal active substance of the sheets of The, from where it draws its name, but one also finds some in the coffee and the Guaraná. The contains also other alkaloids like the Caféine or the Théobromine.

It acts like Diurétique, like Psychoanaleptique, Bronchodilatateur and lipolytic agent.

Indications

• the properties bronchodilatatrices of theophylline are used in the treatment of the Asthme. Theophylline is not used practically any more in the treatment of the asthma attacks except sometimes in the child.

• basic Treatment of asthma:

• oral average amount of 10 mg/kg/j in the adult;
• higher amount in the child, on average 16 mg/kg/j to be adapted then according to the theophyllinemy.

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• lipolytic Effet
• theophylline is a xanthine often used seeks some in order to stimulate the lipolysis of the adipocytes (i.e lubricating cells).

Mechanism of action

Theophylline acts on the level of the intracellular movements of calcium. It has an action bronchodilatatrice, it reinforces the respiratory muscles and has a cardiac action inotrope positive. Theophylline is also an inhibiter of the phosphodiestérase and thus increases AMPc, an important secondary messenger for several metabolic ways.

Side effects

• Tachycardia;
• Tremors, nervousness;
• Convulsions in the child in the event of overdose;
• Nauseas, vomiting, diarrhea.

Counter-indications

• Child of less than 30 months;
• severe coronary Insufficiency;
• hepatic Insufficiency;
• Epilepsy.

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