The theological liberalism not strictly speaking indicates an alternative of the Libéralisme (this last not covering historically a religious aspect and leaving any freedom to the individuals as regards religion), but several currents of thought religious influenced by the liberal ideas or making an effort to a certain extent to exploit the religious traditions freely: liberal Catholicism, liberal Protestantism, liberal Judaism, liberal Islam… One must oppose it to the Fondamentalisme and the Intégrisme.

liberal meetings

Involved men

• Rabbi Jewish S, thinkers and theologists : James Darmesteter, Elie-Aristide Astruc, Joseph El Salvador,
• Pasteur S and theologists Protestant: Ferdinand Bush, Felix Pécaut, Charles Renouvier, Albert Réville, Jules Steeg, Theophilus Bost, Matthieu-Jules Waffles, Edgar Quinet
religious
• and theologists catholic: Frederic Ozanam, Henri-Dominique Lacordaire, Alfred Loisy, Marie-Joseph Lagrange o.p.
• Pope S: Gregoire XVI, Leon XIII, Magpie IX, Magpie X

The Haskala

The liberal Islam,

i.e. the Alarm clock , the Rebirth The Islam knew as a modernistic crisis as Franco-British colonization and the nationalist and dictatorial modes did not let be spread. The majority of the modernistic thinkers to the direction where one hears modernistic Crise in Western Christianity had to take refuge in Occident and, for good number of them, vis-a-vis the difficulties of the life, were tiny room to silence. In September 2002, publication of Modernist Islam, 1840 - 1940 by Charles Kurzman gave in light a great number of unknown thinkers to Occident (is the thought of colonized a thought worthy of interest?) and ignored Dar el Islam because of the modes compromised with the colonizers or dictatorial resulting from the decolonization, in a Muslim world less favourable with the reflection, in that money of the Oil Saoudi advantage wahhabism.

It will be noticed initially that the period of the Moslem modernistic crisis is almost identical to the period of the modernistic Crise of Christianity. In the second time, one will notice that these thinkers and theologists are distributed on the totality of the traditional geographical surface of Islam as on that of the Moslem diaspora. With the decolonization and the fall of the Soviet empire, the Moslem modernistic crisis begins again where it was stopped. One will thus distinguish 2 generations from liberal thinkers, that contemporary of the modernistic crisis and contemporary theological liberalism. These theologists and théologiennes assert Sunnisme like Chiisme

Liberal movements

• the liberal Protestantism

• the liberal Catholicism
• the liberal Judaism
• the liberal Islam