The Puy-en-Velay

Puy - in Velay (in Occitan Auvergnat Lo Puèi de Velai ˈpœj də ˈvəlaj ) is a common French, located in the department of the Haute-Loire and the area Auvergne. It is the capital of the Velay .

Its inhabitants is the Ponots and Ponote (S) .

Names

  • Podium because it is built on a rock. Source: History of Velay , Francisque Mandet - 1860
Evolution according to various editions of the Petit Larousse  :
  • the Petit Larousse 1906 (republication) indique : Puy (It) formerly the Puy-en-Velay and “  Aniciens , Ponots or Podots   ” like Gentilé.
  • the Petit Larousse 1985 indique : Puy (It) formerly the Puy-en-Velay and “  Aniciens or Ponots   ” like Gentilé.
  • the Petit Larousse 2000 indique : Puy-en-Velay (It) in the past Puy and “  Aniciens or Ponots   ” like Gentilé.
X

The Quid 2005 for its part, indicates (page 713) for Puy (It) the Gentilé S suivants : “  Ponots , Aniciens , Podiens , Podots , Panots   ”.

By decree of the March 10th 1988, Official journal of the March 17th 1988 and with effect with the March 18th 1988, Puy becomes the Puy-en-Velay.

In the dialect Auvergnat of the language Occitan E  : Lo Puèi de Velai

Geography


The-Puy-in-Velay is located at the center of the department of the Haute-Loire, in the south-east of the area Auvergne. The city is with 550km of Paris, 130km of Clermont-Ferrand and 81km of Saint-Etienne.

In spite of its membership of the area Auvergne, Puy in Velay looks more towards the close area the Rhone-Alps and more particularly towards Saint-Etienne than towards Clermont-Ferrand. Is this the résulat or this irrefutable fact causes it but the city is connected today to the metropolis forézienne by a 2x2 ways while only a trunk road connects it to the capital auvergnate?

Heraldic

Weapons of the city of Puy-in-Velay :
“  Of azure, sown flowers of gold lily to a money eagle to the lowered flight, stitching on the tout  ; the coupled ecu of two dependant sinople palms of azur.  ”

Then of what Malta-Brown adds, in its note of illustrated France devoted to Puy, which “  these weapons were granted to the town of Anis by Hugues Capet, with the request of GUI Foulques, bishop of Velay  ”. What is at the very least surprising when one remembers that a vast majority of the historians agrees to give birth to art and heraldic science in the current from the 12th century…

The Pilgrimage of Saint-Jacques-of-Compostelle

Starting point of the Via Podiensis , the next stage is the commune of Valleys-near-the-Puy , and its church Saint-Christophe.

Nota : of bond in bond one will be able to thus go from city in village until Saint-Jacques-with-Compostelle.

“  the Burgundian ones and Teutons   ” about which Aimery Picaud speaks, and, more generally, Jacquets come from the east of Europe, began their peregrination by the large sanctuary marial which gave its name to the Via Podiensis.

In its " Guide of the Pilgrim " he does not mention anything on the city, if it is not that it gave its name to this " via ".

Godescalc first pilgrim of Compostelle

In the year 950 or 951 (each year has its fervent supporters), Godescalc, bishop of Puy, goes in pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela.

It is a true troop which déplace ! In addition to the bishop and the members of the clergy accompanying it, one counts there troubadours, jugglers, pages with the service of the ecclesiastics, barons and seneshals, all these beautiful Sirs being protected by many men-at-arms: archers and lancers.

The followed course is well badly known (and yet some cities do not hesitate to assert their passage). On the other hand, this pilgrimage is authenticated in the writings of Gomesano, monk of the Spanish convent of Saint Martin's day d' Albeda (near to Logroño)  : “  The Godescalc bishop, animated of a proclamation devotion, left his country of Aquitaine, accompanied by a large procession, moving towards the end of Galicia to touch the divine mercy by beseeching humbly the protection of the holy apostle Jacques.  ”

At the end of a manuscript, it happens that the scribe mentions its name, its age, the date of its work. These data form the colophon. In that of Virginitate, copied for Godescalc, into 951, the Gomesano monk, ainsi  is expressed;: “  The very holy bishop Godescalc carried this little book of Hispanie in Aquitaine during the winter, in early January…   ” Godescalc would thus have left at the end of 950, and its return would be at the beginning of 951, according to this inscription.

Puy and the reception of the pilgrims

The first hospital was the Hotel God, built against the cathedral. It started to function about 1140.

Its doors were largely opened to the pilgrims, as testifies some the privilege conceded by the bishop Bertrand de Chalançon, in 1210, to manufacture and sell the badges of pilgrimage in the church Holy-Claire, and the shells discovered with the cemetery of Clauzel where those were buried which died in this hospital.

At the end of the 16th century, a matrix was found making it possible to manufacture these medals of pilgrimage, decorated shells and holy representative Jacques pilgrim.

Many donations contributed to ensure of the incomes to this place of reception, while collectors spread themselves in all the kingdom, and even abroad, as a box with alms testifies some, preserved at Ripoll (in Spain), marked “  Nostra Senyora del Puig de França  ” which - according to testimonys collected, there is a score of years - was still of use at the beginning of the 20th siècle.

The church Holy-Claire was the seat of a Saint-Jacob brotherhood set up at the end of the 16th century.

It is same time that we have a testimony of the pilgrimage with Compostelle of a middle-class man of the city, Jean Jacmon “  1591 and 16 Ceptembre, am party of ceste city for me to go from there to Saint-Jacob in Galicia and returned and arrived from there in ceste city the Saint-Andrew day before.   ”

Puy had also its Saint-Jacob hospital, mentioned for the first time in a will of 1253. One is unaware of his operation unfortunately very. It will be noted simply that, near to the street and the Saint-Jacob door, it was located on the ideal route to leave the city in direction of Margeride.

History

After having conquered this site inhabited by of Vellaves (Celtic tribe), the Romans settle in Puy, then called Anicium.

It is at the 6th century that Podium Aniciense started to take importance. At that time, and since the 3rd century, évêché was in Ruessio (Saint-Paulien).

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Barbarians broke, Saint-Paulien was not saved. The ransacked city, its massacred inhabitants, its destroyed Roman houses, the bishop Vosy renonça to be rebuilt. It then decided to be fixed at Puy, whose position was easier to defend and the more favorable situation.

As from the 10th century, Velay becomes évêché county, with the profit of the bishop of Puy. The city becomes the capital of Velay, sits of the county and of évêché. Thus Puy became the capital of Vellaves.

Miracles having been noted on the Mount Anise, the Vosy bishop entrusted to Scutaire, Roman architect, the mission of building a church there.

Already celebrates because of the cures operated by the “  Pierre with the fevers   ”, which led even some there Moslem come from Spain, the city became it more when holy Louis made him gift of the black Virgin. Consequently, Puy knew a very great prosperity, due to the arrival of thousands of pilgrims. This pilgrimage of Puy remained, during all the Moyen-âge, most famous of France, the more so as one of the four great ways leading to Saint-Jacques-with-Compostelle passed by-there. The bishop Godescalc is quoted like the first pilgrim of Compostelle into 951.

In 1095, the pope Urbain II appoints the bishop of Puy, Adhémar de Monteil as legate for the First crusade.

At the time of feudality, Velay had been given in prerogative to the duke of Guyenne, Guillaume of Auvergne. In 1162, a disagreement rose between this one and the bishop of Puy. This last, having been molesté, carried the business in front of the king of France Louis VII the Young person, who gave reason to the prelate and withdrew his county with Guillaume to offer it to the bishop. Consequently, this one did not raise any more, for the temporal one, but of the sovereign who, in 1307, definitively integrated Velay into the royal field, Philippe Beautiful the dividing from now on its seigniory with the Pontife. This, in order to make part in Polignac, the true dynasty, most famous of the area, which held to ransom the many rich person pilgrims and merchants attracted by the prospect for profitable businesses.

If the king of France decided to intervene, it is that before him a poor carpenter, Durand, had declared the holy war with these “  Cotereaux.  ” Having received mission of the Virgin of bringing together the valid men, it gave hunting to these adventurers, of which it hung up to 500 at the same time. The taste of the murder involved these new crusaders with such excesses that the king had to put good order at it. From where the treaty of division of 1307. The bishop, who had been pressed on the tradesmen to resist Polignac, had to agree of the concessions and Puy became a commune electing its consuls.

Puy, in the Middle Ages, is a religious city but also a prestigious literary city. The academy of Saint-Mayol accommodates students come from all Occitanie. The city is also re-elected for its poetic courses in Langue of oc.

Velay depends after this date on the royal government on the Languedoc, a seneschalsy independent residence in Puy until 1789.

In addition to its pilgrimage, Puy owes also part of its prosperity with its lace, mentioned for the first time in 1408. Unfortunately, in 1640, the Parliament of Toulouse, attacked complaints by the noble ones and the middle-class men which complained not to find maidservants more (one at that time counted in the area 70.000 women manufacturing of lace on their square) prohibits the port of it on clothing, from where desolation and unemployment in the lacemakers. At this point in time a father Jesuit, Jean-François Governed, moved by this situation, managed to make cancel the decision of the Parliament.

Faithful to its catholic faith, Puy resisted always victoriously the attacks of the Cevennes Huguenot S which made suffer great damage at the city. The bishop, Mr. de Sénectaire, took the sword and covered the armor to push back with far the enemies from the Virgin. During long months, Puy refused to recognize Henri IV as king de France in spite of his abjuration.

To the Revolution, Velay followed the fate of all the old French provinces and became, under the Empire, the department of the Haute-Loire with Puy like chief town.

Administration

Demography

Economy

Puy in Velay is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and Industry of Puy-in-Velay/Yssingeaux.

Ponots famous (by birth date)

  • Sebastien Caquard, évèque of Holy Arnoulf of 1034 to 1069
  • Pèire Cardenal, (1180 - 1278), Troubadour of very first plan, one of the largest poets of Europe of the Middle Ages.
  • Anne-Marie Martel, 1644 - 1673, founder of the congregation of the Sisters of the Child-Jesus.
  • Pierre Julien, (1731 - 1804) French sculptor, considered as a Master of the Neo-classicism.
  • Marquis of Fayette, 1757 - 1834, born with the Castle of Chavagnac to a few kilometers of Puy. It was in particular illustrated at the time of the Guerre of independence of the United States of America.
  • Jules Vallès, (1832 - 1885), was born in Puy. He was writer and journalist. Author of " The enfant".
  • Courtol, (1834 - 1902), hunter of Viper S.
  • Emile Reynaud, (1844 - 1918), in which the family is originating in the Puy-en-Velay, settles there during several years and will propose there, in 1875, of the conferences of scientific popularization with luminous projections. Those will obtain a nice success from the local population.
  • Charles Dupuy, (1851 - 1923), French politician, president of the Council on several occasions under IIIe Republic.
  • Marie Emile Fayolle, (1852 - 1928), Marshal of France.
  • Francis Graille, born in 1955, president of the football club of Lille OSC in 2001-2002, then president-delegate of Paris Saint-Germain.
  • Grégory Coupet, born in 1972, footballer (goalkeeper of the Olympic Lyonese, selected in Team of France).
  • Lilian Astier, born in 1978, footballer of Libourne - Saint-Seurin
  • Sidney Govou, born in 1979, footballer (Olympic Lyonese, selected in Team of France).
  • Bruno Julliard, born in 1981, president of the UNEF.
  • Julien Malzieu, born in 1983, player of Rugby (ACE Monferrandaise, selected in Team of France).
  • Marion Bartoli, born in 1984, tennis player, finalist of the Tournament of Wimbledon 2007 and member of the team of France of Fed Cup 2004
  • Jérémy Perbet, born in 1984, footballer (SCO Angers, League 2).

Tourist monuments and places

the Puy-en-Velay is classified town of art and history.