The Garonne

The the Garonne (in Occitan Garona ) is large a French Fleuve and Spanish who runs on 647  km. The Garonne gave its name to the French Départements of Haute-Garonne, of Lot-et-Garonne and of Tarn-et-Garonne.

Name

The Garonne is called in mountain Gascon will era Garona /e ɾa garunɵ/, a common noun meaning the river .

It was written Garumna of the time of Jules César, a name which analyzes by the ligure radical Garr- (stone or rock) and the suffix - unn/- onna. Its significance would be “stony river”, “torrent”.

Geography

The Garonne is formed with the Val of Aran in the the Spanish Pyrenees.

According to Norbert Casteret, his principal source is in the Massif of Maladeta, in Aragon, where it is engulfed with the Trou of Tòro to join its valley by a Résurgence with the Uelhs de Joeu . For Aranais, the true source, the Uelh will dera Garona , is at the Plã de Béret near the port of Bonaigua. This branch would be indeed longer than the official course and its more important flow.

The river moves to north, returns to France to the Pont of Roy to Fos, receives the Spade descended from the solid masses of Luchon. It leaves the the Pyrenees after having sprinkled the ancient site of Saint-Bertrand-with-Comminges, then it receives Neste changes direction to move towards the North-East in a broad valley (flat of river), it sprinkles Saint-Gaudens crosses the Small Pyrenees between Saint-Martory and Martens-Tolosane, receives Salat descended from Saint-Bosoms.

The very broad valley is staged in terraces on left bank. The river crosses Muret, receives the Ariège with Portet on the Garonne to reach Toulouse where it changes direction into moving to western north to throw itself in the Atlantique with its mouth in common with the the Dordogne where they form the Estuaire of the Gironde.

Between Toulouse and Bordeaux the river crosses Agen and receives its principal Affluent S on Right Bank, the Tarn and the Lot resulting from the hydrological system of the Massif Central.

The river is navigable ocean with Langon. A side channel was built at the 19th century to join Langon (Castets-in-Dorthe) to Toulouse (connection with the Canal of the South of Toulouse with Sète).

From the Pyrenees in Toulouse the river is arranged for hydroelectric industry. More recently two nuclear plants are established on banks, with the Blayais (33) and with Golfech (82).

With Bordeaux the river is very broad and under the influence of the Marée S. has high Marée is formed a Mascaret which goes up the Fleuve.

Departments and main cities crossed

Principal affluents

While following the course of the river, one meets the Affluent S following:

Hydrography

In its upper part with the upstream of Toulouse her flow depends on snowing up and of the cast iron of the Neige S and in its lower part it has a rain food which had with its principal affluents.

The Garonne feeds also several channels (the Canal of Saint-Martory with the hydrant to Saint-Martory, the side Canal in the Garonne with the hydrant in Toulouse by the Canal of Brienne).

Navigation

Formerly important axis of Navigation and Transport of Goods S, the Garonne is not navigable today for largest Bateau X (cargo liners, Porte-conteneurs…) that in its Estuary, to the Bridge-of-Pierre in Bordeaux, and for the grosses Barge S until Langon, the continuation being done by the Channel of the Garonne which is dedicated almost exclusively to the river Tourisme.

The transport of large gauge took again activity until Langon thanks to construction Aéronautique and especially of the A380 in the workshops of Toulouse.

See Ville of Bordeaux name of the boat builds especially for the transport of part of the fuselage of A380 of Saint-Nazaire to Pauillac (the Gironde) and from there transhipped on one of both Barge S or one of the 27 barges belonging to Airbus going up the Garonne until Langon

Migrating Poisson

Master keys with Poisson S were installed on the communes of Golfech, Toulouse (with the Bazacle) and of Carbonne to facilitate the passage of the hydroelectric works and the Barrage S with migrating fish (Alose, Saumon, Sea trout…).

Tourist activities

See too

  • List of rivers in the world
  • List of the rivers of France

External bonds

  • Site of the mixed trade-union of Studies and Installation of the Garonne
  • history of the source of the Garonne
  • the port of Auvillar, at the edge of the Garonne, since the Middle Ages
  • Bank the Hydro - O0050010 Station - Garonne with Chaum (Synthesis)
  • Bank the Hydro - O6140010 Station - Garonne with Lamagistère (Synthesis)
  • Bank the Hydro - O9060010 Station - Garonne with Farmhouse-in Agenais (Synthesis) (not to notch the box " Station in service")

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