The Essonne (river)

Geography

It is formed in the plate of the Gâtinais to the Neuville-on-Essonne by the junction of two rivers, the Œuf, which takes its source close to Chilleurs-with-Wood (Loiret) to 130 m of altitude) and the Rimarde, which takes its source close to Nibelle (Loiret) to 182 m of altitude. It sprinkles in particular Malesherbes, Ferté-Went It and Corbeil-Essonnes where it is thrown in the the Seine

It has as a notable affluent the Juine (length 55 km, tributary of left bank). the other affluents are brooks low length: Velvette, the Ru of Huison, the Ru of Misery out of left bank, the Ru of Boigny and the Ru of Ballancourt out of Right Bank

the RER D skirts the valley of the Essonne of Corbeil-Essonnes until its terminus to Malesherbes.

Common crossings

; In Loiret:

the Neuville-on-Essonne ~ Aulnay-the-River ~ the Ondreville-on-Essonne ~ the Briarres-on-Essonne ~ Dimancheville ~ Orville ~ Augerville-the-River

; In the Seine-et-Marne:

Boulancourt ~ Buthiers

; In Loiret:

Malesherbes

; In the Seine-et-Marne

the Nanteau-on-Essonne

; In the Essonne:

Boigneville ~ the Prunay-on-Essonne ~ Buno-Bonnevaux ~ the Gironville-on-Essonne ~ Maisse ~ the Courdimanche-on-Essonne ~ the Boutigny-on-Essonne ~ the Vayres-on-Essonne ~ the Guigneville-on-Essonne ~ Ferté-Went It ~ Baulne ~ Green-the-Small Itteville ~ the Ballancourt-on-Essonne ~ ~ Fontenay-the-Viscount ~ Écharcon ~ Mennecy ~ Lisses ~ Ormoy ~ Villabé ~ Corbeil-Essonnes

Affluents

Hydrology

The Essonne is a remarkably regular river, contrary to the majority of its neighbors of Ile-de-France located more at north (the Orge for example), or more at the east (the Loing). It is indeed largely fed by the Nappe of Beauce, which acts like a powerful regulator.

the tablecloth of Beauce has a storage capacity estimated at 20 billion cubic meters, is 20 kilometers cubic or eighteen times the volume of the Lac of Annecy… It play a regulating part of the very important flow of the rivers, because it contributes to the natural food of the rivers which are bound to him, the such Loing, the Loir, the Essonne, Conie, etc It provides to the whole of these rivers a mass of approximately 500 million m ³ per annum on average, that is to say 16 m ³ a second approximately.

The flow of the Essonne was observed over one 44 years period (1964-2007), with the Ballancourt-on-Essonne, locality of the Département of the Essonne located a few kilometres from its outlet in the Seine. At this place the catchment area of the river is of 1.870 km ².

Interannual medium flow or module of the river in the Ballancourt-on-Essonne east of 8,42 m ³ a second.

The Essonne present of the seasonal fluctuations of flow far from important, with high waters of winter-spring carrying the average monthly flow on the level from 9,16 to 9,54 m ³ a second, of December with the beginning of May included (with an in January maximum - February), and low waters of summer from July to September, with a light fall of the monthly medium flow up to 6,73 m ³ in August.

The VCN3 can fall until 4,0 m ³, in the event of dry period quinquennial, which remains very high compared so that undergo the large majority of the rivers of the basin of the Seine and besides in France. Let us recall that the VCN3 is the past minimal quantity or minimal flow over three days consecutive.

The risings are they also not very important. Thus the recorded maximum instantaneous flow was of 24,7 m ³ a second on April 1st, 1983, while the value maximum day laborer was of 24,3 m ³ a second on April 15th of the same year. The QIX 10 or calculated flow of decennial rising is of 19 m ³ a second, the QIX 20 of 22 m ³ and the QIX 50 of 25 m ³. The QIX 2 and QIX 5 are worth as for them respectively 13 and 17 m ³ (see note). From where it arises that the risings of April 1983 were cinquantennale.

The Essonne is a river very abundant but regular, not fed above all by the underground layer, said tablecloth of Beauce, like by moderate precipitations. The Lame of water past in its catchment area is of 142 millimetres annually, which is weak, definitely lower so much than the average of the totality of the basin of the the Seine (240 millimetres), which with the overall average of France. The specific Débit (or Qsp) falls from this fact at weak 4,5 liters a second and per square kilometer of basin.

Management of the river

Since its entry in the Essonne until its junction, the river is managed by the Intercommunity association of Cleansing and Restoration of the River (SIARCE).

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