See also: the Essonne (river)

The department of the Essonne (91) is a department French, pertaining to the Grande crown of the area Île-de-France and crossed by the river of the same name. The name of the department, like that of the river éponyme, comes from Exona, Gallic goddess of the rivers.

History

principal Article: History of the Essonne

  • 1964 (law of the July 10th): the creation of the department of the Essonne is decided, its limits are fixed (southern part of the old department of Seine-et-Oise, namely almost totality of the district of Corbeil-Essonnes and part of the district of Rambouillet).

  • 1965 (decree of the February 25th): the chief town of the department is fixed at Évry-Small-Borough
  • 1966 (decree of the June 2nd): the districts are delimited (creation of the Arrondissement of Stamps, which had already been sub-prefecture of Seine-et-Oise before 1926, transfer of the chief town of the district of Corbeil-Essonnes to Évry, some modifications of the limits of the districts of Évry and Palaiseau).
  • 1967 (decree of the July 20th): creation of the 27 cantons of the Essonne.
  • 1967 (decree of the September 19th): the complete coming into effect of the law of the July 10th 1964 is fixed at January 1st.
  • 1968 (January 1st): official creation of the department of the Essonne and entry according to the general advice elected in 1967.
  • 1969 (decree of the November 21st): detachment of the communes of Toussus-the-Noble Châteaufort and with the profit of the Yvelines.
  • 1974 (decree of the September 30th): fastening of the commune of Dommerville (Eure-et-Loir), amalgamated with Angerville.
  • 1975 (decree of the November 25th): the number of cantons is changed to 35.
  • 1985 (decree of the January 23rd): the number of cantons is changed to 42.

The town of Corbeil-Essonnes, formerly sub-prefecture of Seine-et-Oise, temporarily sheltered the prefecture of the department, its creation until the completion of the new prefecture with Évry. The sub-prefecture still exists with Corbeil-Essonnes, but the city is not chief town of district and fact part of the Arrondissement of Évry.

Geography

principal Article: Geography of the Essonne

The Essonne belongs to the area Île-de-France. It is bordering on the departments of the Hauts-de-Seine and the the Valley-of-Marne in north, of Seine-et-Marne in the east, the Loiret in the south, Eure-et-Loir and the Yvelines in the west.

All the north of the department belongs to the agglomeration Paris ienne and is very urbanized. The south preserved a more rural character. Twenty eight communes belong to the Regional natural park Gâtinais French. The house of the park is with Milly-the-Forest.

Other important cities: Massy, Savigny-sur-Orge, Holy-Genevieve-of-Wood, Viry-Châtillon, Athis-Mons, Draveil, Orsay, Ulis, Dourdan, Arpajon, etc The Essonne is divided between four natural areas:

  • the Hurepoix, in the center and the North-West;
  • the Brie Frenchwoman, in the North-East;
  • the Beauce, in south-west;
  • the Gâtinais French, in south-east.

Principal rivers: the the Seine and its affluents, the Yerres, the Barley and the the Essonne.

Principal main forests: Forest of Sénart, Forest of Dourdan, Forest of the Three-Pinions, Forest of Canopies.

Climate

principal Article: Climate of the Essonne
The Essonne is characterized by a degraded oceanic climate, mainly under the influence of the modes of west-south-west.

That results in a high frequency of the rains (approximately 160 days per annum). Paradoxically the Essonne appears among the driest departments of France, the dry word being relating to the quantities of rain (560 mm/an with Brétigny against 870 mm in Nice or 630 mm in Marseilles). Precipitations are well distributed throughout the year, however the summer knows precipitations in the form of short but intense thundery showers especially.

The temperatures are typical plains of the Paris basin (January: 0/6° C, July: 13/24° C in Brétigny). To note that the minimal temperatures are higher of 1 with 2° C in the north of the department because of urbanization.

Economy

principal Article: Economy of the Essonne

  • the chamber of commerce and of industry of the Essonne

  • the Agency for the economy in the Essonne
  • the Club business 91

Demography

principal Article: Demography of the Essonne

The inhabitants of the Essonne are the Essonniens .

  • political Resource center of the city in the Essonne

Culture

principal Article: Culture in the Essonne

  • the Association of the cinemas arts and test of the Essonne

  • the network of the MJC in the Essonne

Tourism

principal Article: Tourism in the Essonne

Celebrities related to the department

The rappor Sinik was born in 1980 in the Essonne, (Ulis).

The footballer Thierry Henry was born in the Essonne, (Ulis).

Policy

principal Article: Political of the Essonne

  • List of the deputies of the Essonne

  • List of the senators of the Essonne
  • List of the general advisers of the Essonne

The Essonne comprises ten districts:

Administration

principal Article: Administration of the Essonne

The Essonne comprises three districts:

List of the prefects of the Essonne

agglomerations of the Essonne

Road infrastructures of the Essonne

  • Site of the projects of infrastructures of the Essonne

Others

External bonds

  • Prefecture
  • General advice
  • Official site of the Departmental committee of tourism
  • Chamber of commerce and industry of the Essonne
  • Site of the room of trades of the Essonne
  • Site of the Union of the mayors of the Essonne
  • the Council department of access to the right of the Essonne
  • Bar of the Essonne
  • Departmental association of information and musical actions in Essonne
  • the cultural and technical Agency of the Essonne
  • community life of the Essonne
  • Forum91 - the engine of the Essonne
  • the diary of the Essonne
  • the mag 91 the site practices of Essonniens

Media

  • Radio EFM, the radio of the Essonne (Radio)
  • Télessonne (Television)
  • the Republican (Press)
  • Radio operator ÉvryOne (Radio)

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