The Crib

the Crib is a common French, located in the department of the Two-Sevres and the area Poitou-Charentes.

Geography

In the north of the Aquitanian Basin, in the plain of Niort the borough of the Crib was established modest river on both sides Separates it Niort. In the beginning three villages existed Saint-Carlaix, Breloux it Crèche and Chavagné. The unification of these three communes in the years 1960 made it possible to gather human and financial means on both sides of a railway established at the end of the 19th century, of royal roads, become national then displaced today on the way departmental. To the beginning of the year 1980, the highway A10 (Paris-Bordeaux) crosses the commune, since the highway A83 (Niort-Nantes) was grafted above. This highway node allowed the installation of new industries which came to compensate the activities of the middle of the XXe century, namely manufacture of " butter baskets, fruits, oysters… " in poplar. The population increased.

History

As of the paleolithic time of the men circulate on the territory of the Crib. Many double-side was discovered in Boisragon. They were studied by Marcel Bizard and published, in the local historical reviews. The Neolithic or Old time of the polished stone is also represented by axes out of flint or dolerite found in various places. The average Neolithic era characterized by the megaliths is attested by toponyms, like Pierre Levée, Pierre Allay. but no dolmen, nor menhir susbsitent today. For the final or recent Neolithic era we know a camp discovered by the air photographs carried out by Maurice Marsac with the place known as " Seppe". It is composed of a ditch dug in the calcareous substrate with the assistance of peaks out of wooden of stag. The Old ones of metals (Bronze and Iron) ontlaissé of the circular traces of enclosures located by air photography in various places (work of Mr. Marsac)

The ancient time is represented by villas Gallo-Roman like those of Pierre Levée, Brangeries and by the vicus of " Fougeoire" occupied of 1st in IVe century of our era and studied partly per Mr. Marsac of 1965 to 1969.

The time mérovingienne in VIIe century left a necropolis with forty burials in open ground and some sarcophagi and limestone lids. Two of them carry crosses to triple cross-pieces in low relief. A habitat of this time was localized near the Gallo-Roman vestiges the villa of Brangeries (archaeological diagnosis Marie-Claude Bakkal-Lagarde). The traces were limited to holes of posts and pits silos, dug in the substrate.

About the year millet, the habitat gathers around Romance churches with Saint-Carlaix, in Breloux. Strong castles allow a monitoring of the territory. The castle of Isle on Separates Niort, of which there remain nothing, was one of those there.

the castle of Bougouin XIIIe century had the right of châtellenie and raised of the count de Poitiers, then of the lord of Saint-Maixent. The principal building is surrounded by a large court and of a garden, the whole girds ditches ". A road was built in the past and separated the pigeon one from the park of the castle. There remain the wings north and west. The vault and the keep were demolished of 1780 to 1815. On the second floor of the northern wing, one can always admire a splendid frame of chestnut. At the end of the western wing a beautiful tower of the thirteenth century remains. It will preserve its roof in pepper plantation until the end of the nineteenth century. The interior staircase gives access to the covered way covered, practiced in the thickness of the walls. In the oldest parts, one still sees chimneys and resting places of stone in the embrasure of a large mullioned window. The livable parts were reorganized and remain strongly marked by the Empire time. A porch of entry surmounted of a house gave access to the court of the castle. It was demolished in 1914.

This castle was built by the family of Vivonne which kept it thirteenth century until the medium of the seventeenth century. Savarit de Vivonne was lord of Bougouin, in 1260. Its grandson, Savary, became adviser of king Philippe de Valois. It appointed it seneshal of Toulouse in 1334, and " sovereign captain left Poitou and Saintonge " in 1336. It is also him which was sent, in 1334, in Spain with the archbishop of Rheims, to ratify a new alliance between the two kingdoms. The archbishop signed for Savary which could not write! … His/her younger brother, Hugues, became lord of Bougouin. One of its descendants, Antoine, was condemned to died in 1431, to have " undertaken against the authority of the king ". Charles VII confiscated his goods whose Bougouin, and gave them to his/her brothers Jean and François de Vivonne. June 6th, 1583, the marriage contract between Suzanne de Lezay, pupil of Rene de Vivonne, and Clutched of Aubigné was signed there. They became the grandparents of Francoise d' Aubigné, marchioness of Maintenon and morganatic wife of Louis XIV.

Bougouin passed then to the hands of a descendant of Plessis-Richelieu, Charles of the Door, duke of Meilleraye, Marshal of France. In 1661, his/her son Armand Charles married beautiful Hortense Mancini, niece of Mazarin, and inherited the fortune of the cardinal richissime.

In 1776, the count d' Artois, future Charles X, bought the duchy of Meilleraye, but was lord of Bougouin only during two years. In 1778, indeed, it sold ground and châtellenie to Claude Jean Monnet de Lorbeau, his farmer general. This family had Bougouin during more than one century.

In 1896, the girls of Edouard Monnet de Lorbeau sold to Mr. Marché. To died from its widow, the beginning of the year 1940, the castle came in heritage to the Bussenault family.

Under the western wing of the castle exists vast hollow arched of which a part was used as prison. A tiny room, still visible, dug in the rock, is always indicated name of " dungeon ".

Saint-Jacob Chaplaincy of Villedieu of the Bridge of Vau XVe century In 1437 Aymeri of magné, gives a house and 200 pounds of annual rent to receive the pilgrims of Saint Jacques de Compostelle. They can make stage between Champdeniers there and That-on-Beautiful after having crossed Separates it Niort. This gift is carried out with for counterpart two annual masses for the rest of its heart. In 1994, this building becomes under the impulse of Marie-Claude Bakkal-Lagarde property of Association for the development of Archeology on Niort and the Surroundings which restores it and installs its head office there (

It includes/understands two rooms with rez of roadway, two on the floor and a cellar. One can see there chimneys of XVe century, a sink of this time, one of the XIXe sècle, a right staircase, two leaves of door out of wooden of time, an external door made up of board vericales and covers external joint side, with many nails and horizontal boards side interns and a door of interior made up of three board verticals assembled by the technique grooves strip. The cross-pieces are maintained by ankles in chataigner split with the back and drawn aside by corners in accacia. These two original specimens were used as model for the restoration in progress. The repair of the roof is the next priority. This monument is accessible at the time of the Days from the Inheritance.

Administration

Demography

Personalities related to the commune

Rene Gilbert (born in 1905 in Fressines- 1997) is at the base of the revival of interest for the history of the country crèchois. His/her father communicated to him a passion for the things of the past. After a professional path of framework in the banking environment, it was withdrawn with the Crib from where his wife was originating.

He excelled in rare and erudite disciplines, like the genealogy, the transcription of old texts, the heraldic one, philosophy, the numismatics… He was requested of all shares. The winter 1973-1974, it took an active part in the archaeological excavations of the necropolis mérovingienne of Biard with the Crib. He was Officier of the Academic Palms.

Maurice Marsac , Archeologist.

Baptist Baujault , sculptor was born with the Crib in 1828 and died in 1899. Huguenot and republican, it returned to die with the Crib after a modest career under the Second Empire and the Third Republic. It tried in vain the Price of Rome, it lived and worked in Paris, Montparnasse and Montmartre, requesting the government orders or powerful of the world of then.

At the time of the war of 1870, it exiled some time in the Nantes country. This year, it obtained finally the medal with the Living room, for its Gallic young person shouting: With the GUI the new Year. Another transitory moment of glory still came to him in 1873, for its First Mirror, any young girl naked being reflected in a water part, with its feet…

Marcel Bizard (teacher, prehistorian amateur)

See too

Common of Two-Sevres

External bonds

the Crib on the site of the national geographical Institute
the Crib on the site of INSEE
the Crib on the site of Quid
Localization of the Crib on a chart of France and communes bordering
Plane of the Crib on Mapquest

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