Thai Muay

The Sillapa Muay Thai , Thai Muay (Thai มวยไทย), sometimes called Boxe inhabitant of Thailand is a Martial art created for the Militaire S at the 16th century.

Today, boxing inhabitant of Thailand is practiced in the whole world by people of all ages, and all levels. This art, known as dangerous, is drawn from the Krabi krabong which, just like boxing inhabitant of Thailand, requires physical capacities such as the flexibility, the reflexes, the power and the force, but also from the mental capacities like the respect.

The practice of boxing inhabitant of Thailand is regarded as national sport in Thailand. Many small clubs of drive (called camps) strew the country and accommodate the young boys as from seven years. The important combat are regularly retransmis every saturday and Sundays by the television channels.

The two most known stadiums of Bangkok, where the engagements are held are the Lumpinee and the Rajadamnoen. These places are known in the whole world and are regarded as the reference in Thai Muay.

Lumpinee is located on Rama IV Road, near to Lumpinee park and Rajadamnoen is located on Rajadamnoen Nok Road opposite the general headquarter of the royal army Inhabitant of Thailand.

The combat is held in 5 three minutes rounds. It is preceded by a ritual dance : the RAM Muay during which NAK Muay (boxer) carries the Mongkon (it is a fabric band which it puts around the head to express the respect with his trainer and to optimize his mental perception), which is composed of codified gestures carried out by the two adversaries individually and which are specific to each clubs. A small orchestra made up of a drum, a cymbal and a flute nasillarde rate/rhythm rounds. The allowed blows are: punches, of elbow, knee, foot. The bodies with body can last and are the occasion of blows of knee, they can end in the grounding of the adversary or be stopped by the referee.

The use of the blows of elbow is rare at the time of the majority of the boxing matches inhabitant of Thailand except Thailand.

The most used kicks are the circular blows of tibia, which are the “basic blow” of the boxer inhabitant of Thailand.

Televisions of the whole world retransmettent the large combat of Thai Muay particularly spectacular the K-1 in Japan with its 20 000 spectators and its purses of more than 200 000$.

History

In 1411, with died of the king SEN Muang My, its two Ki sons and Fang wanted to seize the capacity. As their respective armies were not able to be decided between on a battle field, they decided to regulate their conflict by a duel. Each camp chooses its best boxer. Finally, the man of Fang was beaten, and Ki went up on the throne. The technique of combat of its “boxer” made school…

The legend tells that in 1767, in full war birmano-inhabitant of Thailand, Naï Khanom Tom, soldier and boxer was prisoner of the opposing side and opposed to ten Burmese champions whom it put KB. Become national hero, the Inhabitants of Thailand pay homage to him each year at the time of the " Harms of the boxeurs".

At the 16th century, Thai Muay belonged to military training. It reached its more high degree of popularity at the beginning of the 18th century, under the reign of Pra Chao Sua, " king Tigre". It was the favorite pastime of the population; each village organized engagements regularly. The king, who was a boxer of first force had fun to defy the local champions! At the time the combatants their fists protected by bandaging the hands with hair from horse. Later, the hair was replaced by cotton bands maintained with lime. One made use of shells or barks of trees, like shell! Sometimes, with the agreement of the two boxers, of the pieces of glass could be amalgamated in the glue of bindings.

At that time, the engagements were held without categories of weight nor of limit of time.

Regarded as dangerous, even mortal, boxing inhabitant of Thailand was prohibited in 1921. Then, about 1930, it reappeared by adopting the rules of competition and the techniques of fists of the English Boxe (gloves, boxing ring, etc). The development of tourism in Thailand made it discover with the Westerners. It is over there a considerable social stake for youth. The engagements are held according to an attractive ritual. The boxers, before fighting, put themselves at knees and request. And all the match proceeds on a musical bottom played “on line” by a small formation of Thai musicians.

Thai Muay is oldest of the three disciplines foot-fists inherited the Asian techniques. It was initially spread in Holland then came very quickly to France to compete with the Full-contact in its version “genuine” and in its Japanese version, the Kick-boxing.

Using the four weapons, Thai Muay is especially a very complete sport. It supposes a very great vigilance because the blow can come from everywhere. The seizures make it possible to the Thai boxer to temporize. As for projections, they do not bring points, they are only the means of leaving a body to body (independently of their psychological impact).

It with the reputation to be most violent of the four disciplines foot-fists - opinion which is not shared by the practitioners themselves, which think even the opposite. One especially reproaches him for spreading the idea that all the blows are allowed. Roger Paschy, one of the pioneers of this sport in France speaks about it as follows: “… Boxing Thai (Thai Muay) cannot be a sport which people qualify wrongly and through sport of hooligan. He requires much will and assiduity. But, as in any sports activity, the professor has a fundamental role in the training of the pupil. The frame of mind of the teacher will have a considerable influence on the disciple”.

National sport and true industry, Thai Muay makes live approximately 200.000 people, boxers, trainers, trading, etc

This gigantic commercial business is managed by two made up organizations promoters, who organize engagements the every day. Lumpini, the most prestigious stage and most typical are managed by the army, while Radjadammoen, more modern located in the fashionable districts of Bangkok, is under the supervision of the government.

The number of practitioners is evaluated with 100 000 and each week of the hundreds of engagements take place through the country.

Thai Muay is downward of Muay Boran. Muay Boran was divided in Muay ThaSao (northern), Muay Korat Thai (Esarn or in the North-East), Muay Lobburee Thai (central area), Muay Chaiya that Thai (southern) there is an expression about Muay Boran Thai which states, “Korat punch, Lobburee spirit, Chaiya maintenance. ” Emphazies de Muay Korat in the force. There is a call “punch of launching of technique of buffalo”. It was call as this since it can demolish the buffalo in a blow. Emphazies de Muay Lobburee in the intelligent movements. Its point of force is the right and turned punch. Emphazies de Muay Chaiya in the maintenance, defendant. It is difficult that the adversary attacks. Effort of Muay Chaiya in the elbows and the knees.

Its internationalization

In 1966, the follower of Kyokushinkai, Kenji Kurosaki, defied a boxer inhabitant of Thailand and was made beat at the time of the first round by KB. Following this combat it remained in Thailand several months, to study Thai Muay. On its return to Japan, it introduces Thai Muay under the name of Kick-boxing. Of French fight in kick-boxing (the French boxer Guillaume, the Boutboul karate expert). In 1975 P. Brizon is involved in Tokyo in the club of Kurosaki, it fights best Japanese.

It opens the first club of Kick Boxing to Clermont-Ferrand. In 1980 Pud Pad Noy, recognized like one of the ten best boxers Thai of all times, settles in France. It teaches authentic Thai Muay there. Since this date the term Kick Boxing is given up, it is replaced by Thai Muay or boxes inhabitant of Thailand.

French champions

Seddak World champion, Born it: 9/21/62 with Mostaganem (Algeria)

- Prize list: 73 combat, 10 defeats - Titles: Box Thai: World champion 92,93,94 - Champion of Europe from 86 to 94; Champion of France from 85 to 92; Kick-Boxing: World champion from 90 to 95 - Champion of Europe 88,89,90; Champion of France 87; Full-contact: World champion 92,93,94,95 - Vice-champion of Europe ISKA 91.

World champion (category to be checked): Guillaume Kerner
World champion amateur light weight - of 60 kg: Mounir Bouti
World champion heavy truck (time wait some): Jerome the banner (K-1, pride, etc)
Champion of Europe heavy truck: Landry Akama (4th with the championship of the world)
Champion of France heavy truck: Ajim karaba (+ of 90 kg)
Champion of France light heavy truck: Maroine Benalla (- of 80 kg)
Champion of France fight light weights (amateur): Farid Boukan (- 76 kg)
Champion ttes categories (free fight): Greg bouchelagem (- of 90 kg)

FRENCH CHAMPION: DANNY BILL, the BROTHERS FARSI, CHRISTOPHE LEVEQUE, SEBASTIEN OCANA, JEAN CHARLES SKARBOWSKI ......

Valenciennes-native World champion: Jo Prestia, become actor cinema…
an immense champion Farid VILLAUME:

Champion of France 1997, Champion of France 1998,

World champion Amateur 1998, Classified N°5 in Lumpinee Stadium (Thailand) in 2000, World champion WMTC in 2000, World champion MTA in 2003, Champion of Europe EMF 2004 (4 combat/4 victories), World champion WMC in 2004 World champion WMC in 2005 Champion of A1 2006 Participation in superfight in K1 max 2005, then 2006.

Foreign champions

Ramon Dekkers (Holland): 8 times World champion of Thai Muay, 200 combat, 175 victories including 90 by K.O. (first foreign combatant with being named with the boxes Thai awards in Thailand)
Peter Aerts (Holland): Thai world champion of muay
Jose " Pele" Landi (Brazil): Champion of fall boxes
Krongsak (thailand): + of 300 engagements, unconquered in Europe; rob kaman with a difference in 8 kg beat.

Rules

the sporting organization of boxing Thai is subdivided in many initials and federations, so that the payment can cover various formulations. The rules reproduced here are extracted from that applied in the stages Inhabitant of Thailand.

Boxing ring

The boxing ring, which measures between 5 and 7 meters of dimensioned, must be surrounded by 3 arranged cords minimum. The floor will be doubled of a marrowy and elastic material, 4 cm thickness, and will be covered with fabric.

Appropriate dress of the combatants

The boxers will present themselves in a behavior appropriate to the combat, being composed of shorts and a suspending rod for the shell. They must fight barechested and foot-naked, but are authorized to carry chevillières. They can tie a ribbon around one or of the two bicepses. The crowned hairstyle (Mongkon) is allowed during the preliminary and ritual phases, but must be withdrawn before the beginning of the combat.

Bindings and gloves

The joints will be protected by an elastic band of three meters, fixed with adhesive tape. The gloves can go from size 6 to size 16.

Weight

A doctor will carry out a general physical control which will permettera with the boxer (or boxeuse) to make his combat or attacks. The operations of weighing are carried out in the presence of the adversary and of its assistants, and proceed at least 4 hours before the meeting.

Round

The official matches count 5 3 minutes resumptions with 2 minutes of rest between each round in Thailand and 1 minute 30 of rest in Europe. But in France that depends on the class in the which practitioner (NAK muay) evolves/moves " classes" D go to has

Assistants

Each combatant can be accompanied by two assistants.

Score

The points are allotted according to criteria of:

Technical, precision, power and damage generated by each blows (of fist, foot, elbow, knees);
defensive Skill;
Aggressiveness and skill in the attack;

equality: 10 points with each of the 2,
light advantage: 10 points with 9,
favors Net: 10 points with 8,
favors crushing: 10 points with 7

When the boxers obtain the same number of points, the victory returns to that considered to be most aggressive.

The referee is authorized to withdraw a point each time the combatant makes a fault.

Referees and Judges

The final decision is spring of a referee and two judges, who fill their respective bulletins at the end with each recoveries, and which decide after the last round.

Irregularities

To strike the adversary when it is with ground, when it is being raised or after the end of the round.
to draw the hair.

to bite or spit.
to strike the eye with the inch.
to take support on the cords.
to fight while being held with a cord.
to avoid the attacks of the adversary malicieusement, while pretending for example to fall, slip under the cords or to hide behind the referee.
to strike the genitals intentionally.
to make any incorrect action likely to wound the adversary.

A combatant who makes a fault without any time of causing a handicap or of inflicting a wound with the adversary will receive an oral warning and will be penalized of 1 point.

The combatant who voluntarily makes a irregularity handicapping or wounding the adversary can lose the match for fault or be disqualified by the referee, without notice if he reiterates his attitude lasting the meeting.

In the event of involuntary fault preventing the continuation of the combat, the referee stops the meeting; he will thus allot the victory by technical KB to the boxer having obtained the score more raised, or will declare the tie in the event of equality of the points.

An athlete can complain to have undergone a irregularity with close to the referee, who will make a decision immediately: if it estimates that the fault does not return within the framework of those enumerated higher, the combatant will continue.

Decision

The victory is proclaimed:

at the points;
by KB: the fallen adversary with ground is not raised in the 10 seconds;
by technical KB: the referee stops the combat because an athlete

is not in a position to continue,
does not present himself after the sound of the gong,
is victim of a wound which prevents it from continuing the combat;

by decision of the doctor, following a wound;
by abandonment: one of the combatants states not to want to continue the combat;
by disqualification of the adversary for serious error;
by decision of the judges: the once finished combat, the judges allot the victory to the boxer having obtained the highest score.

Victoire

unanimously: 3 favorable votes;
in the majority: 2 votes favorable and an opposite;
tie:

if such is the decision of 2 judges out of 3,
if the opinions all of the judges are unmatched;

“No Contest”:

If such is the decision of the judges on request of the president, because the 2 athletes fight in an incorrect way or avoid the confrontation.
When a combatant finds himself on the ground, the referee orders with his adversary to go in the neutral corner, and starts immediately as from 1 to 10.
If the boxer which sent his adversary to ground does not obey, it stops counting, reiterates its order and waits until this last took effect to take again the account of the seconds.
If the boxer fallen with ground during the account or before being counted 8, the combatant will be able to continue.
If the fallen boxer with ground is not in a position to continue the combat, it must continue to count up to 10.
If the fallen boxer with ground is raised before being counted 10, puit fall again, it must start again to count the seconds.
If the two boxers fall to ground:

It starts to count and does not stop if one of both is raised.
It declares the tie so with 10, none of both is not raised.

The bell does not save the boxer fallen with ground from the account of the seconds, except with the last round.

At the end of the account of the seconds, the boxer in a position to continue the combat will be declared victorious.

Professional categories

Official categories of Rajadamnern: (In Lumpini the categories stop with the Welterweights)

Straw (- 47,5 kg/-105 lbs)
Light flyweight (- 49 kg/-108 lbs)
Fly (- 51 kg/-112 lbs)
Super-fly (- 52,5 kg/-115 lbs)
Cocks (- 53,5 kg/-118 lbs)
Super-cocks (- 55,5 kg/-122 lbs)
Feathers (- 57,5 kg/-126 lbs)
Super-feathers (- 59 kg/-130 lbs)
Light (- 61,5 kg/-135 lbs)
Light-welterweight (- 63,5 kg/-140 lbs)
Welterweight (- 67 kg/-147 lbs)
Light-welterweight (- 70 kg/-154 lbs)
Average (- 72,5 kg/-160 lbs)

In Europe, the categories are different according to the federations but roughly speaking it is necessary to less add the categories than 75 kg, 81 kg, 90 kg then the heavy ones

Techniques

The art of Thai Muay passes by the control of the whole of these movements (Thai Muay is specific to the movement of the basin/hips):

Techniques of feet

Low-Kick : Kick low, circular, given with the tibia which is carried out on the thigh of its adversary or in its clean tibia. It perhaps interior (between-leg) or outside.
Middle-Kick : Kick, circular, given with the tibia which is carried out on the floating ribs of its adversary or in the front armlevers.
High-Kick : high, circular Kick, given with the tarsus, or the neck of foot, or with the heel, which is carried out on the face of its adversary.
Face-Kick: direct Kick, given with the dish of the foot which is carried out on the bust of its adversary.
turned over: kick carried out by taking the dash of a rotation, often carried out with the head.

MUAY TEI-TEI (techniques of feet and legs to strike)
Tei Trong Direct Kick frontal of the foot before or back, in attack or defense
Circular Tei Tat low circular Kick, grade bottom, of the leg before or back, in attack or defense
Circular Tei Chiyang median circular Kick, level median, of the leg before or back, in attack or defense
Tei Kan Kro Circular high circular Kick, level high, of the leg before or back, in attack or defense
Tei Krueng Kheng Krueng Khao Circular median Blow of circular foot (surface of striking left knees and tibia), level median, leg before or back, in attack or defense
Tei Klap Lang turned over high circular Kick turned over, level median/high, of the foot before or back, in attack or defense
Tei Kot vertical vertical Kick top to the bottom, (the surface of striking is the plant of the foot) foot before or back, in attack or defense
Tei Kro vertical vertical Kick top to the bottom, (the surface of striking is the heel) foot before or back, in attacks or in defense
Kra Tot Tei jumped circular Kick jumped circular of the foot before or back, in attack or defense
circular Yiep Tei jumped with support Kick jumped circular, catch of support on the partner, of the foot before or back, in attack or defense

Techniques of fists

Direct: right Blow, given with the fist " avant" who is carried out on the face (or in the liver) of his adversary.
Against: Blow given with the fist " arrière" who is carried out on the face (or in the liver) of his adversary.
Hook: Punch, semicircular which is carried out on the face (or in the liver) of its adversary.
Uppercut: Punch, given upwards which is carried out under the chin (or in the liver) of its adversary. (partner)

MUAY CHECHMATE (techniques of fists)
Chechmate Trong Direct Punch direct of the fist before or back
Chechmate Wiyeng San Hooks Punch circular of the fist before or back
Chechmate soy Uppercuts Punch going up of the fist before or back
Chechmate Wiyeng Klap Reverse Punch of reverse of the fist before or back
Chechmate Wiyeng Yao Swing Punch direct/circular of the fist before or back
Kra Early Chok Jumped Punch jumped of the fist before or back
Chechmate Klap Lang Turned over Punch turned over of the fist before or back

Technique of knees

Action which consists in carrying a blow using the knee, with its adversary. In addition to the blows of knees at the time of the combat, its intervention is paramount in the context of a body with body. It is however interdict to clutch the adversary to bring it to the knee, it is always the knee which must go to the adversary (mainly for the blows with the head).

MUAY KHAO (techniques of knees)
Khao Trong Direct Blow of knee direct, the knee before or back, in attack or defense
Khao Chiyang Small circular Blow of circular knee (small circular with the body with body), of the leg before or back, in attack or defense
Khao Kong Great circular Blow of circular knee (large circular with the body with body), of the leg before or back, in attack or defense
Khao Thop Circular Blow of circular knee (surface of internal striking left the knee to the body with body), of the knee before or back, in attack or defense
Circular Khao Tat low Blow of knee circular on the level of the thigh, knee before or back, in attack or defense
Khao Loy jumped direct Blow of knee jumped direct, without step of call, of the knee before or back, in attack or defense
Kao Yoon jumped Blow of knee jumped direct, with step of call, of the knee before or back, in attack or defense
Yiep Kao jumped with support Blow of knee jumped direct, with catch of support on the partner, of the knee before or back, in attack or defense

Technique of elbow

There is a fortnight; direct, jumped, turned over, circular, plunging, tonic,… Action which consists in carrying a blow using the elbow, with its adversary.

MUAY Sok (techniques of elbows)
Tii Sok Blow of elbow direct, the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Tat Blow of elbow circular going down, of the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Ngat Blow of elbow going up, of the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Poung Blow of elbow direct with a step of call, elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Kratoung Blow of elbow of reverse at the level median, of the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Klap Blow of elbow of reverse at the level high, the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Sap Blow of elbow vertical top to the bottom, of the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Sak Koo Doubles blow of vertical elbows top to the bottom, in attack or defense
Sok Tot Sok Coup of elbow jumped of the elbow before or back, in attack or defense
Sok Klap Lang Coup of elbow turned over, of the elbow before or back, in attack or defense

Technique of body with body

Fight of very near, which consists in being directly in catch with the adversary. One can employ the body with body for either resting a little by sticking the other boxer, or or on the contrary to tire it by carrying out blows of knees in the coasts.

Technique of projection and mowing

Projection: Action which consists in projecting the body of its adversary in order to leave a body to body (without passage of hip).
Mowing: Action which consists in reversing by a low kick, circular, its adversary.

Technique of blocking and seizure

Blocking: Action which consists in preventing that a blow reaches its point concerned. Blocking with hands or tibia.

Seized: Action which consists in taking a blow with the hands, of a fast movement to hold it and thus to counter-attack it.

Technique of dodging

Movement of the body to avoid a blow skilfully.

Example: to avoid a low-kick or a middle-kick, withdraw the foot then attack by rocking the hip and the leg towards outside; then D-connect on a middle-kick or low-kick.

MUAY BANG (techniques of parades and dodgings)
Bang Chechmate Parades with the Parade hand blocked or driven out hand before or back
Bang Tei Parade with the Parade leg blocked leg before or back
Bang Sok Parade with the Parade elbow blocked elbow before or back
Bang Khao Parade with the Parade knee blocked or driven out knee before or back
Yok Toa Lop Esquive without displacement of the Esquive bearings without displacement of the bearings, side, front, back, by inflection of the trunk or by inflection of the lower extremities
Lop Tchak Esquive with displacement of the Esquive bearings with displacement of one of the supports by a step of withdrawal, not of with dimensions, not of pivot or by a withdrawal of only one support

Associated works

the film Ong Bak (traditional Thai Muay), (a film of Prachya Pinkaew with Tony Jaa (Ting), Petchai Wongkamlao (George), Pumwaree Yodkamol (the girl), Rungrawee Borrijindakul (Bak gift), Alex Quangthi (Dragoon) and Chetwut Waxharakun (the sister of the girl))
the Honor of the Dragon (a film of Prachya Pinkaew with Tony Jaa)
the film inhabitant of Thailand Beautiful Boxer recalls the life of a champion of boxing thaïe transsexual which having finished its career will change sex. This history is based on the real history of the champion Nong Toom.
the French film Chok dee (good luck, in Thai) tells the life of Dida Diafat, young delinquent, who through will became world champion of boxing inhabitant of Thailand.
the Manga Noritaka , more humorous than culturally essential, tells the beginnings of a young Japanese high-school pupil trained by old a star of the Thai muay with the rather off-hand methods.
the documentary one of Josette D. Normandeau, Bushido , which treats inter alia of Thai Muay.
the book " muay Thai, boxes thailandaise" legendary Krongsak; traditional techniques of Thai Muay.
the film Kickboxer where Jean-Claude Van Rams learns Thai Muay near a Master Inhabitant of Thailand to avenge his brother, paralyzed following a combat with the local champion Tong Po.

See too

External bonds

; Federations:

Federation (French) of Muaythaï FFMDA
Federation (French) of Boxing Thai Muaythaï FBTMT-DA
Federation WKA-FRANCE - Boxings foot-fists
Federation ISKA-FRANCE - Boxings foot-fists
world Federation of Muaythai WMC -

; Sites:

TPG-Nakmuay - site of information on Muaythai with a very active forum, interviews and reports each month on Thailand
MuaythaiTV - site of information on Muaythai
http://muaythaiforum.xooit.com/index.php - French-speaking forum on Muaythai
Thai-Boxing Muay-Thai
NakSoo - For a traditional practice of Thai Muay and Muay Boran
“Boxer, it is to be a good Buddhist”, Entretien with Stephan Rennesson, anthropologist
SharkEvents - Organisteur of events around Muaythai

; Clubs:

Directory of the French clubs 180 clubs available
Noomba Thai Muay Sport - detailed Directory of the clubs of Boxing inhabitant of Thailand

Simple: Thai boxing

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