The théorbe , is a String instrument pinches - a kind of Archiluth, i.e. of large Luth - created in Italy fine of the 16th century.

At the 17th century, the evolution of the théorbe followed two ways:

• the Roman théorbe, still called Chitarrone;
• the théorbe of Padoue.

The players of théorbe name theorbists .

The théorbe was used at the same time for the Basse continues and like instrument Soliste. It was also useful for the accompaniment of the Chant. At the 18th century, in France, one used especially the théorbe accompaniment, very imposing instrument. The théorbes disappeared during the 18th century, before reappearing at the 20th century with the revival of the interpretation of the old Musique on instruments of time.

Description

The théorbe comprises two types of cord S.

Little game

The little game is the usual register lute. It is generally composed of six double cords (choruses) or simple, long and fine, in bowel, which stick on the first chevillier and which pass above the key, allowing to modify the height sounds with the fingers of the left hand. A characteristic of this play is the returning agreement, i.e. cords 1 and 2 are more serious than cord 3 - to see the usual agreement below.

Big game

The big game is the serious register more , it generally has eight simple cords in bowel. They are placed on the second chevillier, do not pass above the key and are thus played in neutral. The stamp is richer and their vibration is prolonged lengthily, which makes it possible to support the Harmonie. They are granted diatoniquement and them agreement can be modified according to the Tonalité employed.

Basic usual agreement of the théorbe:

Theorbists and type-setters for the théorbe

• Angelo Michele Bartolotti (1615-1682);

• François Campion, especially known for its compositions for guitar, guitarist but also theorbist;
• Bellerofonte Castaldi ;
• Lelio Colista, (1629-1680) lutist, theorbist and Italian type-setter in the entourage of Corelli to Rome;
• Denis Delair, author of Treated acompagnement for Theorbe and Clavessin ;
• Nicolas Fleury, author of the Method to easily learn how to touch the théorbe on low-continuous the (Paris, 1660);
• Nicolas Hotman (Hautman), (1610-1663) French theorbist born in Brussels, famous at the Court of France;
• Johannes Hieronymus Kapsberger, lutist and Italian theorbist, type-setter for these two instruments;
• Pietro Paolo Melii ;
• Giovanni Pittoni ;
• Alessandro Piccinini, lutist, theorbist and Italian type-setter;
• Robert de Visée, guitarist and theorbist, type-setter for these two instruments.

Techniques of play

• As on the Guitar baroque, the agreement returning makes it possible to play of the joint notes on several cords (effect of campanella ). See below an example extracted the Canario of the Libro fourthly from will intavolatura di chitarone of Kapsberger

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