Territory of North

The Territoire of North ( Northern Territory , NT in the abbreviation of the stations) is officially not a State of the Australia, it remains a territory. Its laws are defined by the federal capital, Canberra.

In 2002 it counted 198.000 inhabitants ¹.

Main cities of the Territory of North:

Darwin (capital): 111.300 inhabitants, at the edge of the Pacific
Alice Springs: 26.500 inhabitants, to 1.500 km in the south of Darwin
Katherine: 10.000 inhabitants, to 350 km in the south east of Darwin

The inhabitants of the Territory of North are called the " Territoriaux"

This territory is famous for its tourist attractions such as:

Uluru (Ayers Rock'n'roll)
Kakadu
King' S Canyon
Katherine Gorges

History

There be four attempts at installation in the hard environment of the northern coast, among which three failed in the famine and despair. Territory of north belonged to News-Wales-of-South of 1825 to 1863, except for one brief moment - of February 1846 until December 1846 when it was included in the Australia-Septentrional -, then of 1863 to 1911 this territory belonged to the South Australia. January 1st, 1911, one decade after Australia became a Federal state, the Territory of north was separated from South Australia and was transferred under control from the the Commonwealth.

For a short period, of 1927 to 1931, the Territory of North was divided into two, the Australia-Septentrional and Australia-Power station with the 20th parallel of southern latitude. Little time after, part of the Territory of North was regarded by the Agreement Kimberley as possible site for the establishment a Jewish fatherland, quite naturally considered as " not-promised ground ".

During the Second world war, the majority of the Top End was placed under military command. It is the only time since the beginning of the federalism which a state or an Australian territory was under military control. After the war, the control of the sector was returned to the Commonwealth.

The Aborigènes of Australia fought for the rights to right wages and the ground.

One of the most important events of the fight was the strike and walk of the Gurindji to the Wave Hill Cattle Station in 1966. The government of the Commonwealth of Gough Whitlam joins together the royal Commission of Woodward in its totality in February 1973 to study the way in which the rights of the grounds could be managed in the Territory of North. The first report/ratio of justice of Woodward in July 1973 recommends that a Central Land Council and a Northern Land Council are established to represent the voices of the Aboriginals. In answer to the royal Commission Report the Land Rights Bill (in French: " Declaration of the rights of the terres") was written, but the government of Whitlam was isolated before he was voted.

The Aboriginal Land Rights (Territory of North) Act 1976 was voted by the government of Malcolm Fraser the December 16th 1976 and came into effect during the national festival (January 26th 1977).

In 1978 the Territory was set up responsible Gouvernement, with a legislative Assemblée having at her head a Chief minister.

During the year 1996 the Territory of North was one of only the " états" world to legalize the voluntary euthanasia, until the Federal Parliament cancels this law. Before the law is cancelled, three people made a " commit suicide by euthanasia volontaire" , organized with the assistance of Dr. Philip Nitschke.

Policy

The Territory of North has a legislative assembly but whereas this assembly has the same capacities that of the Australian states, it acts by delegation of powers of the federal government and not by constitutional law.

During several years, there were confrontations for a full sovereignty. In 1998 a referendum took place on the subject but it was unfavourable. It was a surprise both for the federal government that of the state. However, according to the Australian Constitution, it was at the federal government to fix the conditions of the membership of the new state at the federation. One proposed three posts of senator to the territory against twelve for the states more populated much. Concurrently to what was regarded as comportemement arrogant Prime Minister for north, Shane Stone, it seems that many inhabitants of the Territory were not very hot to accept the proposals which were made to them.

Current the Prime Minister (" Chief Minister") is the member of the Labor Party Clare Martin who brought his party for the first time to the victory in August 2001 then in June 2005. The chief of the opposition was Denis Burke, chief of the liberal party until the elections of 2005 when it lost his seat. The party chooses then Jodeen Carney like new leader of the opposition.

The territory is represented at the federal Parliament by two deputies currently Warren Snowdon for the liberal party (ALP) and David Tollner for liberal Country Party (CLP), aet by two senators: Trish Crossin for the ALP and Nigel Scullion for the PLC.

At the regional level, the territory is divided in 6 municipalities (3 " town councils" , 1 " shire" and 2 " cities"), 30 " community government councils" and 26 other sections.

Population

The population of the Territory of north at the end of 2006 is estimated at: 212600 people. This number is in increase of 1,8% on that of 2001 according to the report/ratio of the " Australian Office off Statistics" and 1% of the total population of Australia represent. The two main cities Darwin - and the city close to Palmerston - with: 111000 inhabitants together and Alice Springs with: 28000 represent nearly two thirds of the inhabitants of the State. Forecasts of the " Australian Office off Statistics" are for 2021 of a population of: 308700 people and in 2050 of: 500000 people. The population of the Territory is youngest of all the country with an average age 30,3 years, that is to say nearly six years less than the national average. One finds more than 100 nationalities different in the ascending ones from the inhabitants with more than 50 organizations representing the ethnicities. But the Territory of North to the one of strongest the alcohol consumption in the world.

The aboriginals represent more than 29% of the population of the Territory and have 49% of the grounds. Their life expectancy is much weaker than that of the other populations. It is estimated that on average the aboriginals die 20 years earlier than the other inhabitants. The communities aboriginals are installed a little everywhere on the Territory, most important being those of the " Pitjantjatjara" close to Uluru, the " Arrernte" close to Alice Springs, the " Luritja" between the two, the " Warlpiri" more with north and the " Yolngu" in the east of the Ground of Arnhem.

See also: Australian indigenous prehistoric Sites.

Sources

'' Australian Office off Statistics ''

Simple: Northern Territory

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