Territorial Administration

The territorial administration is the institutional and administrative organization of an geographical area, in particular of a country or a confederation of country.

The diversity of the models in the world

The way in which is conceived the territorial administration can strongly vary from one country to another,
  • according to the design of distribution of the capacities and the bodies in the territories:
    • Centralization;
    • Decentralization;
    • Regionalization;
    • system of confederation;
    • system of federation, etc
  • according to the many administrative levels which can vary from one country to another.

The mode of territorial organization can also bring to conflicts of capacities between various levels. In the same way, it can exist in certain cases of the levels superimposed on the same territory, without these levels not having the same geographical limits.

A reflection is currently in hand on the scale of the European Union, to found a system of Eurodistrict S, also called eurorégions. This device would aim to create administrative bonds between transborder areas reflecting of the shared interests.

More generally, within the framework of the Universalization, the great agglomerations become aware of their own interests and their international potential, in particular at the economic level (economic Géographie). With preoccupation with an autonomy, they start - as had envisaged it the futurologist Alvin Toffler - to weave transverse relations between them, independently of the areas and the states. That can contribute to make evolve the territorial organization, in the countries as in the world, to a system of multiple poles and grid. An architecture in network appears, even if on paper it remains pyramidal.

Territorial administration by country

The United States of America

The the United States being a federal Republic , the territorial organization depends on the law of each of the 50 federate states.

In 48 states, the principal subdivision is the county ( county ), called parish in Louisiana and borough in Alaska. However, in the states of New England, this level does not have any more a role of territorial government. Except in Alaska, this level of government covers the whole of the American territory.

Municipalities: the level of local government in lower part of the county largely varies him depending on the states, and has various degrees of autonomy. Except in England News, it does not cover the whole of the territory. In this case, it is in the county that returns the entirety of the local government.

See too

Simple: Administrative division

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