Tergnier

Tergnier is a common French, located in the department of the Aisne and the area Picardy.

Geography

City located at about thirty kilometers in the west of Laon, in the valley of the Oise, located at the junction of several railway lines, like at that of the side Channel in Oise, of the Channel of Sambre in Oise and the Channel of Saint-Quentin.

The commune is accessible by the highway and is served by the main road. It has a station.

History

Research hard, to find the origins, modest, from the Commune, does not go beyond the files of the 17th century.

History of the name

If the commune were not created, by detachment of Vouël, that in 1800, the locality was indicated of long time under the name of Terignae or Therignae , then Therigny or Terigni .

The Latin etymology of this word is discussed. It is trying to put forth the assumption of “ignis” (fire) which presupposes the variation “lacus” (rural field) low Latin, the first part of this term “theri” could come from a medieval word “thero” (hill) radical prélatin obscure, though with very vast geographical extension: théron (Puy-de-Dôme), thouron (Cantal)”, it is necessary to make the bringing together with “Fargniers” (water) and “iacus”. It would act with the clean direction of two old supposed, one on a hill, the other close to the river.

Tergnier with the Early middle ages

Roman remains were discovered in Vouël, where the church could be built with the site of a pagan temple, along the Chaussée Brunehaut.

A Motte castrale was identified in Vouël, under the name of Tombelle de Vouël

The Old mode

In 1214, the Abbot of Saint-Nicolas-with-Wood alleviates a quarrel caused with prémontrés by Geoffroi and Simon de Condren.

In 1239, Jean, “Mayor” of Vouël, gives up all his rights.

The borough is ransacked:

- about 1339, by the bands of Edouard III, king d' Angleterre and of the Flemings.
- about 1410 by the armies of princes d' Orléans, then by those of the Duke of Burgundy.
- During the War 30 year old, the Spaniards, who had been contained into 1637 invade the Thiérache the following year and devastate many villages. It is about certain that at that time (1638) the lord of Borde, Brigadier, recruits inhabitants of our hamlet and the weapons to fight the enemy.
- In 1653, the armies of the Marshals of ferté SENNETERRE and Turenne, strong of 16.000 men, camp in the valley of Oise and make control on the grains that they find in Tergnier, Fargniers, Quessy and Vouël. The inhabitants flee, then return, and are obliged to flee again to return only at the beginning of January 1654. The plow horses are removed, the grounds remain uncultivated by the enemy who makes incursions, took refuge with Laon, with what they can carry

A reformed community

In 1567, the calvinists of the area, under the control of François of HANGEST, lord of Genlis, and the Prince de Condé, governor of Picardy, attacks the Château of Coucy
about 1610, a temple is high in Vouël, which attracts all the Protestants of the area.
a scandal bursts on April 22nd, 1676: reformed of Chauny and surroundings complain that cleaned and populations of Vouël, Quessy and Frières disturb their offices.

Dice the 16th century, the Abbey of Nogent has in Quessy grounds and close, of which it is forced to get rid during the wars of religion, but that it recovers in 1703. The farmer of Tergnier takes in lease these properties in 1699 while committing himself leading 36 corn setiers méteil in the attics of the monastery, each year, the day of Saint Martin's day of winter (November 11th) thereafter, it is of use to rent these grounds of Quessy to several plowmen, of which one, since 1770, is Marc Jadas, of Tergnier, which seems, later on, being outward journey to live Quessy. He has the privilege (! ) to pay the most taxes!

The Revolution and Empire

June 19th, 1791, “active citizens” forming the rural section of the canton of Fère, of which those of Tergnier, meet in the church of the Capuchins; In small number, this assembly elects President the former Lord of Charms, Charles de Flavigny, Chevalier of Saint-Louis, which lends the constitutional oath.

These “active citizens” meet on August 26th, 1792 again and designate eight voters charged to elect the deputies of the department of Aisne to the Convention (who will be: Condorcet, Saint-Just, Carlier, Jean de Bry).

July 19th, 1791, the members of the directory of the department of Aisne find on their desk a report that address the communes of Tergnier to them, Fargniers, Quessy, Liez and Mennessis in order to operate the drying of the marshy valley which crosses their soil. No decision is made!

The law of August 23rd, 1793 orders the requisition of a first class made up of young people from 18 to 25 years. The recruits of Tergnier belong to the 1st Company of the second battalion of the republican lifting of the district. In spring of the year 1796,6 young people of Tergnier and 4 of Quessy are recruited like fusiliers and form the 8th section of the 2nd Company of the mobile column created in each canton by Convention.

During the Countryside of France, At the end of February 1814, with the passing of Napoleon i, Tergnier fall to the hands from the enemy. Requisitions, plunderings are of rule. In 1815, after the Battle of Waterloo, Tergnier is occupied about on June 25th, and pays a broad tribute with the invader. In compensation of the undergone requisitions, the inhabitants obtain, like compensation, only the handing-over of the 2/3 of the extraordinary contribution of 1813 and 1814.

Tergnier, city of the Railroad

December 6th, 1853, the registers of the civil statue of Tergnier mention an unusual profession “ Employed railroad ”. It is about Benjamin Faucret, husband of Octavie Daussin, 17 years, come to declare with the Town hall the birth of a girl. The trains replace cabbages for the arrival of the children…

So certain projects envisaged to make pass the railway line Tergnier - Saint-Quentin by Ham, it is obvious that the urban development was committed only by this infrastructure authorized by the government of Louis-Philippe, built around the years 1850, inaugurated in large pump by Napoleon III.

The paths are widened and transformed on the way, of the new streets are created… At that time (1850), Tergnier is a vast building site. One works day and night. Multiple trade associations flow of everywhere, even of Paris under the direction of engineers come from the capital, local labor is reconverted: spinners, weavers, servants of plow… give up their usual tools to devote themselves to the novel mode of transport. Some dates mark out the history of the railroad in Tergnier:

1852: Concession with the Company of north of the line of Tergnier to Rheims
1855: Beginning of the construction of the workshops of construction and repair of machines which will be increased and on several occasions visited by Mac-Mahon in 1874.
1859 - Decision of the Compagnie of north to establish a vast station in Tergnier
1867: Putting into circulation of the line Tergnier - Amiens
1918: Destruction with 50% of the rail junction of Tergnier
1919: Installation of new lines put in building site of the city of the railwaymen
1920: General reorganization of the local railway unit which will extend on 4 kilometers length and 550 meters in its greater width
1944: Catastrophic damage: park, deposit, workshops, sorting
1961: Electrification of the Creil-Aulnoye line, put in postal service of shunting PRS.

The growth of the population is the natural consequence of the development of the railway installations:

1793: 220 inhabitants - has Quessy: 1791: 154 inhabitants
1880: 249 inhabitants - has Quessy: 1801: 169 inhabitants
1845: 276 inhabitants - has Quessy: 1841: 516 inhabitants
1856: 362 inhabitants - has Quessy: 1861: 738 inhabitants
1868: 1750 inhabitants
1869: 1806 inhabitants
1875: 1572 inhabitants - has Quessy: 1881: 1010 inhabitants
1881: 3079 inhabitants
1885: 3536 inhabitants

Admittedly, the Compagnie of north gives the impulse first to the rise of the commune, but two other elements play in favor of its development:

the construction of the Channel of Saint-Quentin started about 1730, is completed in 1843, under the initial mpulsion of Antoine Crozat.
establishment of industries, benefitting from the advantageous conditions of the rail traffic and the new channel. One can note:

about 1860: a sugar refinery belonging to Mr. Mention, with 60 to 80 workmen who produce 6000 tons of Sucre each season
in 1868: a factory of Faïence, Franco-Belgian, directed by Mr. has Mongin 200 workmen
in 1876: a factory of Embroidery, with primarily female labor which, up to that point, occupied a seasonal use in culture
in October 1879: indigenous a sugar warehouse granted to the Commune of Tergnier under the terms of article 21 of the law of May 31st, 1846, and, at the same time, an agency with the grains gets a particular activity.
in 1885 (?) : the Foundry of Tergnier-Fargniers, directed by Mr. Maguin (destroyed today)
in 1893: the foundry of the Lebois brothers (destroyed today)
in 1901: the foundry, directed by Mr. Berlemont, who is the ancestor of the current foundry (destroyed today).

The War of 1870

During the Franco-German War of 1870, the Prussian troops occupy the city on November 15th, 1870, after having besieged and having invested Fère.

November 19th, 7th and 11th Companies of the volunteers of the Sum and a Company of the mobiles of Gard, in all 800 men with 4 guns, parties of Ham, attack Vouël and Tergnier where several hundreds of enemies had been cut off in the houses. November 25th, German bombards the agglomeration with large artillery. In any document one does not announce “material” damage buildings during the conflict.

A few months later, the French Army is found in our commune. One evening of the winter 1870-1871, a convoy of 10.000 men, who had taken part in the Bataille of Sedan, unloads with the station, general Faidherbe at the head. They will be hénergés by the inhabitants. Tergnier is evacuated by the enemy troops between May 1872 and March

The First World War

August 27th, 1914, the English allied army (1st Body, general Haig) is in Tergnier. Tergnier is invaded as of on September 2nd, 1914.

About on September 25th, all the men from 18 to 45 years are directed on the camp of Altengrabave, to Germany. As of the exodus of the inhabitants, public goods, individual goods, are destroyed by the enemy during his strategic retirement of 1917. Tergnier is shaved and begun again by our troops (from March 5th to 19th 1917), re-occupied by the German army in March 1918, taken again on September 7th by the Humbert army.

The negotiations for the armistice are committed on November 7th, 1918, and it is in Tergnier that on November 8th, 1918, to 3:45 of the morning, the German delegation gets into the special train which awaits it to lead it to the Clearing of Rethondes, where will be signed on November 11th the Armistice of 1918.

Tergnier sees his sacrifices recognized by a mention in dispatches and the Military Cross.

The Second world war

Tergnier is invaded, for the ones as of the 19 May 20th, 1940, for the others only towards the 5 June 6th, after the enemy had hustled 23e D.I and the 2nd armoured Division, belonging to the 7th Army of the General Brother. The channel of Saint-Quentin is crossed in Liez; Tergnier being attacked on both sides. Enemy alarms, bombardments, exodus, return to the country and of the repatriation of “descended” aviators? who does not remember the engines mined with the deposit, the ways sabotaged with sorting or elsewhere. Sometimes under the eye benevolent or accessory or frightened “territorial” French, promoted line guards

Tergnier becomes a pole of Resistance, with in particular the movements Release-North, Francs-tireurs and in favor (ftp), civil Organization and soldier (OCM), Défense of France

Among them, Tergnier Libé-North directs its action of February 1941 in December 1942 in triple direction:

constitution of group francs (commandos),
organization of a network of information,
distribution of the newspaper “release”.

It realizes in particular:

in January 1943: Sabotage of the sub-station of rolling stock/Many sabotages on oars 850 and the boxes of greasing - Many sabotages of trucks, planes, engines… transported by coaches
September 1943: Sabotage of the line with high voltage in Condren
October 1943: Sabotage of a needle, derailment of a train of planes, derailment of 5 machines.
November 1943: Sabotage of the crane of 32 tons between Tergnier and Ham - Sabotage of the railway to kilometer 127,780 between Tergnier and Chauny - Sabotage of the line with high voltage in Coucy.
1944: Sabotages of the line with high voltage in Condren - Sabotage of the railway line between Tergnier and Chauny - on June 6th, the 4 groups of Tergnier Libé-North take the maquis with Beaumont-in-Beine, during 6 days then the actions of sabotage start again (in particular of phone lines and signposts). “Looping” of the Paris-Brussels line. July 14th, they carry out the sabotage of the railway between Tergnier and Chauny and engage a guerilla against the enemy. They take part in the release of Ham, Liez etc…

All these actions involve a repression pitiless Nazi. Tergnier and his surroundings pay a heavy tribute with the occupant with the many ones shot, killed with the combat, deportees sunken or died in the concentration camps, internees.

With the title of the war 1939-1945, Tergnier receives a Quotation with the order of the Army corps (11-12-1948): “ Locality of the department, already almost entirely shaven during the war 1914-1918, important railway center bombarded twice by German in May 1940. During months which preceded the release by the country, underwent four new massive bombardments of allied aviation causing the death of 58 of its inhabitants, the total destruction of 407 buildings and the destruction partial of 1041 other buildings. 11 of its sons were off-set, of which 7 died in the concentration camps. This quotation comprises the attribution of the Military Cross with Star of Vermeil ”

Administration

The communes of Fargniers (code INSEE 02300) and of Vouel (code INSEE 02825) were attached to Tergnier on January 1st, 1974; the commune of Quessy (code INSEE 02630) was attached to Tergnier on January 1st, 1992.

successive Mayors of Quessy: Pierre-Louis Dupont: 1788-1790/JADAS Marc: 1790-1792/HANNIER Jean: 1792-1795/OGER Jean Louis Theodore: 1795-1797/BOUTILLIER Montain: 1799-1800/JADAS Marc: 1800-1812/JADAS Jean François Andre: 1813-1848/JADAS Andre François: 1848-1852/LEMOINE Vincent Andre: 1852-1857/Of ARGUESSE Ernest Alexandre: 1857-1877/JADAS Andre François: 1877-1889/LAURENT Aime Florimond: 1889-1896/BUFFETRY Victor: 1896-1902/LACOMBE Joseph athanase: 1902-1904/majestic ALLAIN Alfred: 1904-1912/LIEVOUX Vincent Etienne: 1912-1925/BELOUIS Fernand: 1925-1933/VENET Abraham: 1933-1935/TESTARD Leon: 1935-1941/VIGNON Léonard: 1942-1944/TESTARD Leon: 1944-1945/MIGEON Adelin: 1945-1946/DERMY Narcisse Achilles Adonis: 1946-1947/DECARPIGNY Henry: 1947-1965/HAURIEZ Paul: 1965-1989/MORVAL Pierre: 1989-1995/CROHEM Christian: 1995…

successive Mayors of Vouel: LEMOINE Marc: 1826-1832/LECAT Theodore: 1832-1870/DODE Jean: 1870-1884/BETHUNE Alphonse: 1884-1885/Of WINTER Alphonse: 1885-1890/DODE Jean: 1890-1896/Of Paul WINTER: 1886-1902/VINCQ Hippolyte: 1902-1904/Of Paul WINTER: 1904-1908/GEAY Marie Antoine: 1908-1910/COURTEOUS Arthur: 1910-1912/CLOTHIER Auguste: 1912-1914/GERVAIS Jules: 1914-1929/DEMOULIN Camille: 1929-1933/DUPART Marie: 1933-1935/GERVAIS Jules: 1935-1942/TOFFIN Philogéne: 1942-1945/THUET Marius: 1945-1956/LEGROS Maurice: 1956-1957/HOCQUET Maurice: 1957-1959/Gilbert MAT: 1959-1971/DUFOUR Edmond: 1971-1977/DECARPIGNY Henri: 1977-1988/BROCHETON Claude: 1988

successive Mayors of Fargniers: DUCOIN Paul: 1893-1899/OUDIN Louis: 1900-1901/HENOT Paul: 1901-1905/POORLY Eugene: 1905-1913/the HERONDELLE Leon: 1913-1931/Jules BAKER: 1931-1938/HAUTECOEUR Henri: 1938-1938/BOVE Henri: 1938-1942/PREVOST Leon: 1942-1944/ARE WORTH Andre: 1944-1952/DELAIDDE Ernest: 1952-1953/LECOMTE Armand: 1953-1954/Hector PASTE: 1955-1969/FOURNEL Andre: 1969-1974/LAMOTTE Albert: 1974-1995/LEGRAND Yvonne: 1995-2001/LACOURT Claude: 2001…

Demography

Places and monuments

the importance of the resistance of the railwaymen in the locality, during the Second world war, resulted in establishing in Fargniers a Musée of Resistance and Deportation.

the Cité-jardin of Tergnier was built by the railroads of North, according to a plan which affects the shape of three wheels of engine.

It constitutes in 1921 one of the first large cities of this type. Its construction falls under the ambitious architectural policy of this network, defined by its chief engineer of maintenance Raoul Dautry.

Personalities related to the commune

Random links: