Hertzian television

Six private domestic networks prevail on American hertzian television (or broadcast television ). They are the three networks historical (ABC, CBS and NBC) which was created in the Forties (1930, in the case of NBC) and of the three networks challengers (Fox, UPN and The WB) which was launched in the Eighties and Nineties. (The September 18th 2006, UPN and The WB will not amalgamate to form The CW, it will not thus have any more but 5 principal networks there)

The programs of the networks are relayed locally by the private stations which are affiliated for them. Under the terms of the anti-monopoly acts, the networks cannot be owners of all the stations which theirs are affiliated: certain stations are held by local contractors, others by a competitor network.

In January 2004, these six networks are held by the following groups:

• American Broadcasting Company (ABC): Walt Disney Company
• Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS): Viacom
• National Broadcasting Company (NBC): General Electric
• Fox Broadcasting Network (Fox): Fox Entertainment Group (News Corporation)
• United Paramount Network (UPN): Viacom
• Warner Brothers Network (The WB): Time Warner

In addition to these six wide-area networks, whose cover is national, there exists in the United States several television networks Community or religious.

Public television is represented by the network PBS (Public Broadcasting Service).

Lastly, there exist many private local televisions independent which, in addition to their local programs, diffuse primarily series in Syndication and emissions of Télé-achat.

Cable television

Because of extended from the country and its low population density, the hertzian reception was very difficult in certain zones of the United States. A distribution network by cable thus developed in the years 1970, allowing the emergence of tens of specialized channels. Many of these chains have a confidential audience.

The principal cabled chains are:

• ESPN (sports)
• MTV (music)
• CNN (information)
• Sci Fi Chanel (science fiction)
• Discovery Channel (documentary)
• HBO (cinema and series)
• Showtime (cinema and series)
• I (family, ex-PAX)
• Cartoon Network (cartoons)
• Telemundo (in Spanish)
• FX Network (series)
• TNT (sports and action films)
• the USA Network (general practitioner)
• Central Comedy (humor)

Satellite television

Principal bouquet of satellite television of the United States east DirecTV. Subsidiary company of the conglomerate of media Fox Entertainment Group, DirecTV counts, In 2004, 12 million subscribed hearths.

Others

Each year, Academy off Television Arts & Sciences decrees its Emmy Awards with the best programs and the best professionals of American television.

The American chains are diffused in system NTSC.

See too

Internal bond

• North-American Production companies of television programs

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