The technical of survival indicate a whole of knowledge making it possible to hydrate itself and to feed, to heat, to protect themselves from the Intempérie S, to even look after when one finds oneself isolated in nature.

These techniques are based mainly on the use of objects which one can find in his environment, while reducing as much as possible the use of manufactured objects (like the Briquet, the Couteau…). However, certain lesson of these techniques is exempted while being based on the principle that a minimum of Outil S available, are generally gathered in a kit of survival . The methods of “survival” are different according to the place where one is, for example Faire fire with pieces of wood in the desert or to find a camel in a forest is likely to be difficult.

They are taught in particular with the Militaire S, with the people brought to make long stays or ways only in little inhabited zones (forests, deserts…), with people wishing to isolate itself from the company, wishing to prepare with the possibility of a brutal disappearance of their lifestyle, or wishing to be able to face situations of Catastrophe S. One calls this irrefutable fact the Survivalisme and those which practice it, the survivalists.

Survival in desert medium

In the Deserted , the problem resides in the Chaleur and Eau misses it. The Jour is extremely hot, the night can be icy.

Dehydration

The Déshydratation constitutes one of the principal risks in desert medium. In order to avoid it here some recommendations:
  • at a temperature lower than 38°C, drinking at least 0,5 liter of water per hour; beyond 38°C, one liter of water per hour is the advised minimum;
  • to drink with regular intervals, that reduces perspiration and makes it possible to preserve the body at good temperature;
  • to cover itself as much as possible in order to avoiding with the skin being exposed with the sun (in particular, the head, the nape of the neck and arms), avoiding going up its handles. This makes it possible to preserve its perspiration. Indeed, clothing absorbs sweat, preserving it against the skin, which gives an effect of freshness to the least breeze;
  • to avoid speaking, preserving the mouth closed and breathing by the nose, that makes it possible to reduce your requirements out of water considerably;
  • to avoid any direct contact with hot sand: to sit down on the backpack for example.

If water is very rare, it is necessary to avoid eating: the Digestion consumes water.

Methods of water recovery To recover water: To dig a not very deep circular hole at the bottom of which one lays out a container (glass, pan…). Over tightening a piece of plastic of form square or round, larger than the hole. The plastic, slightly slackened, must form a cone pointing to the bottom, whose point must be with the top of the container. To make a hole in the point of the cone to allow water to condense in the night on the plastic and to run in the container. To retain the edges of the plastic around the hole, one can simply cover them with sand or ballast them of stones. To pose a stone on the level it hole to tighten the cone downwards. Water contained in the ground and the air of the hole will come to condense during the night on the fresh surface of the plastic and to run in the container.

It is also possible to recover drinking water starting from the urine, if one has of two Bouteille S vacuums and Adhesive tape: to fill with half a bottle of urine. Not too to fill it so that the urine did not leave the bottle if that Ci is posed horizontally open on the ground to stick the neck of the bottle empties with that of the bottle containing the urine Horizontally to pose the bottles on the ground in order to leave the bottle containing the urine completely exposed to the sun and to cover with sand the empty bottle. The sun will extract water from the urine by evaporation. The second bottle being protected from the sun, because covered with sand, its temperature will be lower than that of the first. The water evaporated in the first bottle thus will settle in the second.

Subsistence in wild medium

August 1st On the condition of knowing to recognize them, one can select plants and edible mushrooms like the Consoude, of the nipple S, certain bays and fruits, certain sheets. It is however necessary to have good knowledge in botany, because certain plants or toxic mushrooms can resemble edible plants.

With regard to the meat, it is preferable to obtain it by the means of traps. Indeed, the Chasse using impromptu weapons requires experiment and a physical good condition, moreover it appears very negative from the point of view of the energy assessment if it is unfruitful. One can add to that the risk to be wounded by continuing game. Hunting must thus be taken into account only in one area very rich in game and possession of the adequate experiment. The traps as for them only function, day and night in multiple places, by all times. Moreover, the construction of traps requires relatively little energy and is more with the range of the modern townsman who can employ all his imagination and ingeniousness there. There exist many types of traps, all function according to one or several of the following mechanisms: strangulation, the fall, the suspension and the net. Pose the traps on a game track (traces), preferably where the ground forms a contracting.

Another means of getting food is the Entomophagie. The majority of the insects are edible vintages, but it is also possible to roast them on hot stones, embers or to boil them to make them less repulsive. Withdraw legs and wings, as well as the rigid carapaces before the preparation. Grasshoppers, coleopters, ants, bees and termites, as their larvae are mangeables, to quote only some of them. It is necessary to take care to collect only the insects and larvae with the discrete colors, because those with the bright colors are almost always poisonous. Moreover it is to better avoid the species which nourish carrions; they can beings carrying diseases.

To be directed

In survival it is essential to know to be directed Jour like Nuit.

Attention: except indication, this chapter treats northern hemisphere. For the southern hemisphere, it is enough to reverse the words northern and southern . In the same way, several of these methods are likely not to function in the intertropical zones

  • Of day:
    • Where that one is on Earth, the Sun rises to the Is and lies down with the Western. But the more one deviates from the equator and the more one is near to a Solstice, plus the positions of raising and laying down Sun vary and tend to approach.
    • Beyond the polar circle, during the polar day, North corresponds to the place where the Sun is lowest on the horizon. This observation is less and less easy as one approaches the pole.
    • If one has a watch with needle regulated with the solar Heure , it is possible to determine the North-South axis. For that pose your watch flat the small needle pointing towards the sun. The North-South axis is defined as being the Bissectrice of the angle formed by the small needle with the axis 12:00 - 6h of your watch. If one holds his watch in front of oneself, North is towards oneself.
    • By planting a stick vertically in the ground and by marking at several times of the day the position of the shade of this one, one deduces the position from North where the shade is shortest.
    • In forest medium, one often makes use of the foams pushing on the trunk S of Arbre S like North-South indicator. Indeed foams push preferably with the shade and the moisture thus in north. The drier southern part because being exposed to the sun. In wet forest, the North is where foam is densest.
    • Note:: in intertropical zone, these three last methods are difficult, because the Sun can, according to the season, to be either in the South, or in North at midday.

  • Of night:

    • In the northern hemisphere, first of all to find the Constellation of the Large Ourse (large the Pan). To follow the axis formed by two stars of the edge opposed to the sleeve of the pan. To defer 5 times the distance enters the two stars of the edge, upwards. One falls then on another star, the pole star (which is the most brilliant star of the Petite Ourse). North is in its direction (on the horizon).
    • In the southern hemisphere, the South is indicated by the constellation of the Croix of the South.
    • full the the Moon is in North with midday and the South with Minuit and conversely for the new moon. Here also, in intertropical zone, that can vary according to the time of the year.

At every time of the day, to fill one récipent of fresh water and to delicately pose there a small needle magnetized on a floating object like a piece of cork in the middle of this container: the needle is aligned on the North-South axis. But unless knowing the polarization of the needle, it is impossible to distinguish North and the South. The more one approaches a pole, plus this measurement is vague because of the magnetic Déclinaison because the Magnetic pole does not correspond to the geographical Pôle. Moreover, this system (not more than the compass) does not function with the approach of the magnetic pole, this one being under ground. Attention also not to take measurement near metal or magnetic objects nor in a zone where the rocks are magnetic (example: the Magnetite).

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • Experiment of nomadism 8 years around the ground.
  • Photographic library on edible and toxic wild plants.
  • Guide and information on survival in forest. ( advertizing bond )
  • Database of useful, edible and medicinal plants.

books

  • To survive, how to overcome in hostile environment of Xavier Maniguet to the editions Albin Michel.

Random links:List islands of the Mediterranean | Communes of Wilaya de Mostaganem | Streaked nights | MacLean archer | Ethan Erickson

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