Tebeo

Tebeo is the term generally used in Spain to indicate the cartoons.

This term is a phonetic transformation name of the review TBO. And although other reviews exist, the name remained like a generic name for the Spanish cartoons.

In TBO “ appears; El profesor Franz of Copenhagen ”. The cartoons of adventure were rather popular in the Fifties to 70. With the difference of the North-American Supermen , the heroes claimed to be historical. Other reviews dedicated to humor seemed Pulgarcito and Lily (rather intended for the girls). The Spanish tebeo occupies a place of honor at that time, because it is accessible to all the wallets in these times from food shortage.

As of 1944 El Guerrero del Antifaz (the masked warrior) created by Manuel Gago was published by Editorial Valenciana, and in 1956 is born Capitán Trueno, paladin of justice , defender of weakest.

Another character makes his appearance “ El Corsario de Hierro ” (the iron corsair). It was published during twenty-two years, until in 1966.

After the Spanish Civil war the assignment of the coupons for paper of press exerted a strong control on the publishers, which did not support the propagation of the humorous cartoons

With creation in 1947 of the head office of the press, Rafael González gives a new dash, with the review Pulgarcito born in 1921.

With the new standards, Pulgarcito appears in periodic form and brings a new manner of making the tebeos by filling out its pages of anti-heroes who defy with a corrosive style and satirist the reality of the country. Like deferring it Tribulete, Escobar will create Carpanta , Zipi there Zape , Manuel Vázquez will create Las hermanas Gilda and the familia Cebolleta .

In 1951 appears DDT, re-examined humorous for adults. In 1955 creates for itself a collaboration between Cifré, Conti, Escobar, Giner, and Peñarroya, which launches Tío Vivo , repurchased five years later by Bruguera.

In the Sixties starts a decline of the tebeo due to changes in the lifestyles and a more restrictive censure. The tebeos are done less critical. At this point in time appear new authors such as Ibañez, Raf, Gin, Figueras, and especially Francisco Ibañez (1936), creator in 1958 of immortal the Mortadelo there Filemón (information arranges).

In 1969 appears Gran Pulgarcito which - although it did not last that two years - supposes a fundamental change of the leading line Bruguera, giving up the little stories of one to two maximum pages while passing in several pages. This format will be maintained later on in all the reviews.

Old guard, that which will adapt best to the new methods will be Vázquez, which will pass from the old critical style to another more personal and unreal as in Anacleto , parody of James Bond, or Angelito , a terrible kid.

Later other reviews in the style of Super Mortadelo appear. Among the new characters one will retain SuperLópez of Jan, the “ Superman with the espagnole ”.

Although enjoying a limited fame, the tebeo resists vis-a-vis the Manga on the Spanish territory thanks to Mortadelo there Filemón , Goomer or Mot .

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