The Tatars (or Tartar ) is a collective name given to Peuples Turkish of Eastern Europe and Asia. The majority of Tatars live in the center and the south of the Russia, in Ukraine, Bulgaria, China, with the Kazakhstan, in Romania, Turkey, and Ouzbékistan. One counted some more than eight million at the end of the 20th century. The majority of Tatars are Moslem.

There exist distinctions between Tatars themselves, among which the Nogaïs.

Mixed during the centuries with the Mongolian , Tatars are also distinguished from the Turks osmanlis (Anatolia NS) by an Asian complexing more : one often notices there eyes attached as well as high cheekbones.

They form in addition, one of the fifty six ethnicities listed by the Popular republic of China.

The name of Tatars was taken again of old Turkish people which, at the 11th century, nomadisait in the oriental party of the Mongolia. Neighbor and enemy of the Mongolian it was crushed by Gengis Khan in 1202. There exists a theory according to which this one, having noted that they were particularly wild, would have sent them to the avant-garde its conquests. Thus their deformed name, the “Tartars reached us”, to indicate the whole of the “Barbare S”. The former people tatar disappeared, the survivors very few mixing with the populations autochtones territories which they conquered. But the name remained to designate Moslem people in the various beginnings: thus, Tatares of Kazan or the the Volga are descendants of the Bulgares of the Volga and Finno-ugric tribes, the Tatars of the Crimea - many people having lived the the Crimea, to which Goths, Koumanes, etc Initially people heteroclite designated thus by the people close by convenience, Tatars acquired little by little a feeling of national membership due to a common religion which, on the one hand, differentiated them from the other people of Russia, and on the other hand linked them all.