Tahmasp Ier

Tahmasp I^er (1514 - 1576), wire of the shah Ismaïl I^er is the second shah of the dynasty of the Séfévides. It reigns between 1524 and 1576.

The beginning of its reign was marked by fights of faction. Until 1530 indeed, it was subjected to goodwill tribes turcomanes rejoined, Kizilbach (or Qizilbashs), who rebelled on several occasions.

Not very known, because reigning between two shah more prestigious than him, it had however the merit to manage to maintain the State fragile and recent to create by his/her father, while fighting against the Othoman in the West and against the Uzbeks, in the East.

Its death, on May 14th, 1576, will mark the beginning of a new period of disorders in Persia. Ismail II succeeded to him.

Situation in the west

In 1528, it had to face the rising of the emir de Bagdad, Zu' l-Faqar, which it will make carry out one year later. In 1533, it definitively takes the ascending one on Kizilbach while making carry out Khan d' Husayn.

In 1534, it practices the Politique burned ground against the Othomans who seek to conquer Azerbaïdjan, thus succeeding in holding them in failure. The Othomans had tried to benefit from the revolt of the Khorassan. It also had to face the rising of his two brothers, Sam Mirza in 1534 and Alkass Mirza in 1548, who tried each one to deliver Azerbaïdjan to the Othomans.

Between 1540 and 1555, he undertakes four military campaigns in the Caucasus, making tens of thousands of prisoners (30 ' 000 only between 1553 and 1554).

In 1548, it makes move the capital of Tabriz to Qazvin, located more far from the tribes turcomanes and in Iranian territory. It also gradually replaced Kizilbach in the high positions of the State by Iranians or Caucasians, more devoted to the State safavide.

In 1555, the first peace agreement between the Séfevide Empire and the Ottoman Empire are signed, inaugurating one period of 30 years peace.

Situation in the east

In 1528, Herat is besieged by the Uzbek shah Ubaid-Allah Shah, which was demolishes by the Iranians with Jam on September 24th, the Uzbeks not having artillery. In 1530, the Uzbeks were able to briefly seize Herat, but had to give up it again. Tahmasp then named his/her brother, Bahram Mirza, with the head of the province.

Internal bonds

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