Tagalog - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

History

Word “TAGALOG” is a compound of the words Taga (resident) and Ilog (river). The word Tagalog thus means “the inhabitants of the river”. Today, there is no sample of this language before the arrival of the Spaniards because then the Filipinos wrote their language on sheets and barks.

The first publication in tagalog is Doctrina Cristiana in Lengua Tagala there Española , a bilingual book of catechism published in 1593. The tagalog part is written in Baybayin (traditional orthography of the tagalog) and in Latin. There is also a translation in Spanish.

As from 1613, Spanish priests, like Pedro de San Buenaventura, wrote books on the grammar and the vocabulary of the tagalog. Most popular are the Vocabulario of Lengua Tagala in 1613, Vocabulario of the lengua tagala in 1835, and Arte of the lengua tagala there manual tagalog para the adminstración of los Santos Sacramentos in 1850. At the beginning of the 18th century, Francisco Balagtas, called William Shakespeare of the tagalog, wrote its works in this language, particularly the poem Florante and Laura regarded as being the best.

Under the government of the Commonwealth, president Manuel Quezon constituted an group of expert representative in order to choose a language which was going to become the base of the national language. They chose the tagalog unanimously and the secretary of Education renamed it pilipino to give him a national connotation, less regional and ethnic. He will become thereafter “filipino” and national language in the Constitution of 1987 (article XIV, section 6).

The tagalog is spoken by nearly 65 million today people in Philippines. It is also the language of Philippines most spoken overseas. Today, the tagalog is classified 40e the most spoken language of many speakers.

Classification

The tagalog is a language of classification Filipino-exchange in the related family Langues austronésiennes with the other languages such as the Indonésien, the Malayan, the Fidjien, the maori (of New Zealand, the Hawaïen, the Malagasy (of Madagascar), the Samoan , the Tahitien, the Chamorro, the Tetum and the Paiwan.

The Bicolano, the Hiligaynon, the Waray-waray and the Cebuano, also spoken to Philippines are close to the tagalog. The languages Spanish E and English E influence it strongly. It also finds there loans with the Sanskrit, the Chinese min-nan, and the Arab .

Geographical distribution

Katagalugan or the hearth of the tagalogs is the south-west of the island of Luçon, particularly the provinces of Aurora, Batangas, Bataan, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, the Metro Manila cigar, Nueva Ecija, Quezon and Rizal. The inhabitants of the Islands of Lubang in Marinduque and of the island of Mindoro also regard it as native tongue.

According to the census of 2000,90% of the total population is able to speak the tagalog, on variable levels. In the United States, the tagalog is the 6th most spoken language.

Phonology

Consonants

The consonants of the tagalog are described in the table below:

The tagalog is a syllabic language. That means that the words are divided into syllables. In general, the rule of the pronunciation is “ONE READS LIKE ONE WRITES”. Thus, word “MAHUHAY” reception but lives decides.

Grammar

Lexicon

Personal pronouns

Like the Substantive S, the personal pronouns are classified by case:

Examples:

Sumulat akó = " I have écrit"

Sinulatan akó = " (It) écrit" has me;

Ibibigáy KB its kaniyá = " I go him donner"

The pronouns with the Génitif follow the word which they modify. The pronouns with the oblique can take the place of the pronoun to the genitive, but they then precede the word which they modify:

Ang bahay KB = Ang aking bahay = " My maison"

The pronoun duel katá/kitá largely disappeared, except in the rural regions. However, kitá is used to replace the pronominal sequence KB ikáw :

Mahál kitá = " I (you) aime" (of mahál = expensive, cherished)

Bibigyán kitá ng will pera = " I will give you argent"

Nakita kitá its tindahan kahapon = " I saw you with the store hier"

Kaibigan kitá = " (You are) my ami"

The inclusive pronoun táyo refers to the first and second people. It can also refer to the third anybody.

The exclusive pronoun kamí refers to the first and third people but excludes the second:

Walâ táyong bigás = " We (you and me) do not have a riz"

Walâ kamíng bigás = " We (but not you) do not have a riz"

The second nobody of the singular has two forms. Ikáw is the form not Enclitique, ka the enclitique one, which never begins a sentence. Plural kayó is also used like forms courtesy of the singular, like French you .

There is no kind in tagalog, therefore siyá means " as well; il" " that " elle".