T 20 AL 8601 to 8630

The locomotive with vapor T20 are the last engines-tender built for the Railway network of Alsace-Lorraine (Al) between 1929 and 1930. They have a double origin:

• the machines 8601 to 8620 were built by the company Batignolles-Châtillon of Nantes in 1929 - 1930.
• the machines 8621 to 8630 were built by SACM of Graffenstaden in 1930.

Although SACM preferred that the design of a completely new machine is entrusted to him, the services of the state, managers of Al preferred to reproduce an existing machine. The T20 were thus identical as a whole, with the 242 AT1 with 120 of the Compagnie of the railroad the Paris-Lyon-Mediterranean while having some characteristics strongly influenced by the practices of the network: driving cabin modified with a small window close to the instruments and a large sliding window (like the Prussian engines), screens smoke shield (in the style of that of the S14 ), testing devices and wheel of change of walk installed for control on the right.

They were the most powerful French engines-tender of the time. On Al, they were assigned to the heavy services of suburban trains and mixed slow trains, having to ensure thus the changing of the T18 . In fact the first machines ( 8601 to 8608 ) were affected initially with the deposits of Metz and Sarreguemines for the local service roads and the following ones with Strasbourg, and incidentally with those of Sarrebourg, Haguenau and Colmar, to ensure the traffic of suburbs.

The totality of manpower was recovered by the SNCF and was registered 1-242-MT 601 to 630 in 1938. However, at the conclusion of the Second world war six machines had been lost (n° 8602 , 8604 , 8607 , 8608 , 8620 and 8629 ). One among it, the 8602 was recovered by the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR) of East Germany and registered 79.001 , as for the 5 others, they were détruitent between 1953 and 1957. It was however too difficult for DR. to rationally adapt it to the German standards and it was reformed in 1963.

After the Second world war and a short stay on the Parisian suburbs from January to May 1945, where this type of machines made défault, the remaining machines were affected in block with the deposit of Strasbourg then to that of Hausbergen in 1956 because of the choice of the deposit of Strasbourg to shelter the locomotive electric.

Starting from 1954, the remaining T20 were joined soon by their cousins, the ex- 2-242 MT 1 to 120 of the Northern area which themselves were only old 5-242 MT 1 to 120 of the ex- PLM. These machines were affected directly with the deposit of Strasbourg then to that of Hausbergen and ensured the trains of Strasbourg Kehl (Franco-German border) until the electrification of the line in 1966 as well as the slow trains on the line Strasbourg - Saint-Dié starting from Molsheim and Sélestat because of their least water capacity and of the Northern control on the left of the ex-PLM/.

The last engine of the series, the 1-242 MT 610 , was erased in 1967: it was the last engine with vapor of the old network of Alsace-Lorraine. However a source mentions the 1-242 MT 616 parked bad condition in April 1968 and the radiation of the last 242 MT ( 1-242 MT 54 and 97 ex-PLM/Northern) for November 1968.

Description

These machines had an engine compound with four cylinders laid out out of battery and the distribution was of the type “Walschaerts”. The hearth was of type “Belpaire” and the exhaust a clover with 3 jets of type “PLM”. They were equipped with the Surchauffe, the drawers were cylindrical and they laid out of a heater “ACFI”. The bogies was traditional type “PLM” and had a side displacement of approximately 91 Misters the water compartments were divided into three positions with the two side ones and under the fuel compartment (what was not theirs cousins the 242 AT1 with 120 )

Characteristics

• Pressure of the boiler: 16 kg/cm ²
• Diameter of the cylinders HP: 420 mm
• Diameter of the BP cylinders: 630 mm
• Diameter of the driving wheels: 1650 mm
• Diameter of the carrying wheels: 1000 mm
• Capacity of the water compartments: 14,4 T
• Capacity of the coal bunker: 6 T
• Mass in functioning order: 123,3 T
• Overall length: 17,82 m
• maximum Speed in service: 95 km/h

See too

Related articles

• Locomotive with vapor Frenchwomen

Foreign related articles

• ''' locomotive 79.001 of DR. '''

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