Télougou

Introduction

The télougou (local name: tĕlugu/తెలుగు ) is a language of the India. He is spoken in the State about Andhra Pradesh, where he has the statute of official language, like with Yanaon (territorial Union of Pondichéry), in the back country tamoul, in the east about Karnataka, in Maharastra, in Orissa. There exists a diaspora télougou in Burma, in Malaysia, with Maurice, in Saudi Arabia, in the emirates of the Gulf, in South Africa, in the Fiji islands, in North America and in the United Kingdom and in France; 70 million people speaks it like first language.

The télougou is noted by means of a Semi-spelling-book undoubtedly derived from the Brâhmî. It forms part, with the Tamoul, of the family of the Langues dravidiennes.

In télougou, the Conjugaison takes into account in the inflection not only time but also the negation and the interrogation. For example:

History

Origins

Télougou was different from the other languages dravidiennes probably at the time of the period étandant itself of 1500 with 1000 av. J. - C. This period also corresponds to the birth of the language Tamoul by taking as reference the literary activity. Télougou belongs to the subfamily of the languages dravidiennes of the center. Are identified like such, the languages originating in the " Proto-Dravidien" spoken in the central part of the plate of the Dekkan. Other rustic languages very close to Télougou such as the Gondi , the Konda , the Koui and the Kouvi also make party of this subfamily.

Etymology of the word Télougou

The etymology of the word Télougou is prone to debate.

According to the popular version, the word comes from Trilinga , i.e. of the three lingas or places of pilgrimage dedicated to Shiva in Srisaïlam, Drakasharamam and Kaleshwaram. This version is disputed by the university community.
According to K.L. Ranjanam, the word derives from talaing , which was chiefs having conquered the area of the Andhra Pradesh.
According to M.R. Shastri, the term would come from telunga , an amalgam of the word Gondi telu meaning " blanc" and of the setting in the plural with the suffix - unga . The reference would correspond to the white or to the people having the clear skin.
Finally according to G.J. Somayaji, ten- refers to " sud" in Proto-Dravidien, and the word would come then from tenungu meaning " people of the sud".

One can distinguish four great stages in the history from the differentiation of Télougou as a language:

-200 - 500

The first obscure phase is somewhat, because the primary sources are Prakrit/Sanskrit Inscriptions found in the area, which Telugu places and personal names are found. From this we know that the language off the people was Telugu, while the rulers, who were off the Satavahana dynasty, spoke Prakrit. Telugu words appear in the Maharashtri Prakrit anthology off poems (the Gathasaptashathi ) collected by the first century ECB Satavahana King Hauled. Telugu announcers were probably the oldest peoples inhabiting the Land between the Krishna and Godavari rivers.

500 - 1100

The first inscription that is entirely in Telugu correspond to the second phase off Telugu history. This inscription dated 575 THIS was found in the Cuddapah district area and is attributed to the Renati Cholas. Telugu was most exposed to the influence off Sanskrit, ace opposed to Prakrit, during this period. This period mainly corresponded to the advent literature in Telugu off. This literature was initially found in short inscriptions and poetry in the off the rulers, and later in written works such ace Nannayya 'S '' Mahabharatam '' (1022 EC). During the time off Nannayya, the literary language diverged from the popular language. This was also has period off phonetic exchanges in the spoken language.

1100 - 1400

The third phase is marked by further stylization and sophistication off the literary language. Ketana (13th century) in fact prohibited the uses off spoken words in poetic works. This period also saw the beginning off Muslim rule in the Telangana area.

1400 - 1900

During the fourth phase, Telugu underwent has great deal off changes (ace did other Indian languages), progressing from Medieval to modern. The language off the Telangana area started to Split into has distinct dialect had to Muslim influences: Sultanate rule under the Tughlaq dynasty had been established earlier in the northern Deccan during the 14th century. South off the Godavari to rivet (Rayalaseema area), however, the Vijayanagara worsens gained predominance from 1336 till the late 1600s, reaching its peak during the rule off Krishnadevaraya, under whom in the 16th century Telugu literature underwent what is considered to Be its old Golden. In to lath half off the 17th century, Muslim rule, now in the hands off the Mughals, strengthened and extended further south, culminating in the Establishment off the princely state off Hyderabad by the Asaf Jah dynasty in 1724. This heralded year will era off Persian/Arabic influence in the Telugu language, especially among the people off Hyderabad. The effect is also felt in the prose off the early 19th century, ace in the Kaifiyats .

The period off the late 19th and the early 20th centuries saw the influence off the English language and modern communication/printing close ace year effect off the British rule, especially in the areas that were share off the Madras Presidency. Literature from this time had has mix off classical and modern traditions and included works by scholars like Kandukuri Viresalingam and Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao.

Since the 1940s, what was considered year elite literary form off the Telugu language has now spread to the common people with the introduction off Mass media like Television, Radio and Newspapers. This form off the language is also taught in schools ace has standard. In the settlement current decade the Telugu language, like other Indian languages, has undergone Globalization due to the increasing off Telugu-speaking people abroad. Modern Telugu Movies, although still retaining to their dramatic quality, are linguistically separate from post- Independence films. -->

Grammar

In télougou, one distinguishes the Karta (the case Nominatif or the maker), the Karma (the Objet of the Verbe) and the Kriya (the Action or the Verbe), which follow a sequence. There exists also the Vibhakthi (the Préposition).

Inflection

The télougou is often considered a agglutinant Langue, where certain syllables are added at the end of a substantive in order to indicate its Cas. These agglutinations apply to generally all the substantives, the Singulier and the Pluriel.

References

Random links:

Webber mark | Vého | Aliens vs. Predator 2 | French of America | Waxweiler