System
The system refers to a functioning assembly of elements in a unit way and in permanent interaction.
In Greek sustêma means together. This word comes from the verb synistanai (Greek) which wants to say to combine, to establish, to gather.
Definitions
- From the point of view of the History of sciences, a system is a theoretical construction which form the spirit on a subject (e.g.: an idea explaining a phenomenon physical and represented by a Mathematical model).
- Together of proposals, of Axiom S, principles and conclusions which form a body of doctrines or a scientific whole (ex in philosophy: the system of Aristote, ex in physics: the system newton IEN).
- Together of methods, processes organized or institutionalized to provide a function (ex: system of education, system of production, defense system).
- Together of elements which coordinate each other to contribute to a result (ex: Nervous system)
- Together of various similar elements.
- Equipment, device, machine providing a given function (ex: lighting system, automobile system).
- In term of analysis, it acts of a network, more or less important and autonomous, whose elements have the effect of meeting in all or partly the same aim.
Logical
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formal System: System made up of a vocabulary, a whole of axioms and a whole of rules of deductions.
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combinative System: Formal system having for object the study of the problems of combinative nature.
Mathematical, Algebra
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dynamic Systems: connect of research of mathematics
- Système of equations: Together of several equation S having to be satisfied simultaneously:
- System of relations: Together of relations which must be satisfied simultaneously.
- System of vectors: Unit made up of a number finished of mobile vectors on their line of action.
- System of axis (S): System which defines coordinates in a given space. The passage of a system of axis to another identical.
- Frame of reference: System of axes per report/ratio in which one defines the movement of a body in a space in three dimensions.
- Numbering system
Data-processing, Robot-like
- Système complexes: Together of simple agents which, by their interaction, bring the total structure of the system to being modified in a chaotic way.
- Operating system: Structured together and arranged hierarchically of programs and processes gathered around a program-Master called core, which manages the various elements of a computing system.
- reconfigurable System: Material computing system or software able to modify its structure interns in order to adapt its answers to its environment.
- the system trade which is the whole of the trades and the process of the Entreprise and of the organizations which contribute to it,
- the Information system which is the whole of the trade objects, information and rules of management used or implemented by the trades and the processes of a Entreprise,
- the computing system which is the structured whole of the software components, material and of the data, allowing to automate whole or part of the information system.
Engineering
- System Mécatronique: together complexes and structured mechanical, electronic components and data processing in permanent interaction and providing a function of use (ex: Automobile, Aircraft, Train, mobile phone, space launcher, nuclear plant,…),
- Engineering system: rational step for the design and the engineering of a system mecatronic by studying it on all its life cycle (exploitation, maintenance, dismantling).
Automatic Automatism,
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dynamic System: cybernetic system , in general buckled and modelled by differential equations, characterized by Variable of state which one seeks to envisage the variations in time.
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System theory: seek general properties of the systems (controllability, stability, equivalence, linearity, etc) and development of the methods to describe certain types of systems.
Physical
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Metric system: coordinated units together being used for measurement of the various sizes.
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System MKSA: System of measurement of which the fundamental units are the meter, the kilogram, the second and the amp.
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international Système of units (IF): official system of measurement in France since 1962, which prolongs system MKSA by the addition of the Kelvin and the Candela.
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System of absolute units: system of physical units founded on the use of a minimum number of independent fundamental units, selected in order to reduce to the unit the numerical coefficients appearing in certain very important physical formulas, selected like fundamental.
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physical System Together of concrete or idealized physical elements (object, not material, fluid, perfect gas, electromagnetic field,…) which one seeks to know clean dynamics. Called simply system in physics.
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System of forces Together of a number finished of forces presumedly applied to the same solid body…
Astronomy
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Galactic System : System of Coordinated S galactic in which the fundamental plan is a plan chosen once and for all, as near as possible to the symmetry plane of the Galaxie.
Mineralogy, Chemistry, Crystallography
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crystalline System: Together of forms Geometrical S standards, characterized by their properties of Symmetry Fractale or not, which a crystal (cubic System) can take.
Political, economy
- communist System : Together laws and doctrines collectivant the means of production and practiced in particular during 70 years in the ex-USSR.
- liberal System : Together laws and doctrines liberalizing the means of production and practiced in the capitalist of western world and Asian economy.
- System of plantation: farming system of cane has sugar, coffee, etc which is organized in plantations in the colonial companies ( ex: in the Antilles )
- Economic system: principal economic modes of organization
- Financial system
See too
M: systems - systemic Analysis
Simple: System
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