Syntax

The syntax is in the beginning the branch of the Linguistique which studies the way in which the free Morphème S (the Mot S) combine to form Syntagme S (nominal or verbal) which can lead to proposals (independent or principal/subordinate, relative), which can combine in their turn to form stated S.

the term of syntax is also used in Informatique, where its definition is similar, modulo a different terminology. Thus syntax is the respect, or non-observance, of the formal Grammaire of a language, i.e. rules of fittings of the lexemes (which, in data processing, are only lexical entities) in more complex terms, often of the programs. In the theory of the formal languages, which plays the part of lexeme is in general called letter or symbol , and the terms produced is called words .

From a grammatical point of view purely , the study of syntax relates to three kinds of units :

  • the Sentence, which is the higher limit of syntax;

  • the Word, which is the constituent basic one, sometimes called final element ;
  • the Syntagm (or group), which is the intermediate unit.

The syntactic relations between these various units can be of two types: the Coordination when the elements are of the same statute, and the subordination in the contrary case. When there is subordination, the subordinate element fills a syntactic Fonction given compared to the unit of higher level.

The study of syntax will hold account, in particular, of the natural (or category or species) of the words, their form (morphology) and of their function. Thus one will more generally speak about reports/ratios morphosyntaxic.

See too

Simple: Syntax Zh-classical: 語法學

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