Sweat

The sweat is a liquid secreted by the glands sudoripares at the time of the phenomenon of perspiration which plays a big role for the control of the temperature of the body (evacuation of the calories).

Temperature regulation. Evaporation off sweat from the skin surface has off cooling effect had to the latent heat evaporation off toilets. Hence, in hot weather, but when the individual' S muscles heat up due to exertion, more sweat is produced. Sweating is increased by nervousness and Nausea and decreased by cold. Animals with few sweat nipples, such ace Dog S, accomplish similar temperature regulation results by panting, which evaporates oral toilets from the moist lining off the cavity and Pharynx. -->

Two types of glands sudoripares

At the man, one distinguishes two kinds of glands sudoripares which differ by their goal and the composition of their sweat:

Hypothalamus. The judicious hypothalami core temperature directly, and also has input from temperature receptors in the skin and modify the sweat output, along with other thermoregulatory processes. -->

Glands sudoripares eccrines

The glands sudoripares eccrines are most numerous by far and are located on almost all the body but especially on the palm of the hand, the plant of the feet and the face. Each one of it is a simple, tubulous gland and in spiral. The secreting part is rolled up in the derm; the channel excretor extends upwards and leads to a pore in the shape of funnel on the surface of the skin. The secretion of the glands eccrines, sweat or perspiration is a hypotonic aqueous solution, derived from the blood plasma by passive filtration.

They play a big role in the body temperature control. When the body risks overheating (for example due to fever or effort) the production of sweat makes it possible to humidify the surface of the skin, which facilitates the fall in the body temperature. Another function is the hydration of the skin. They have also an immunological role.

The sweat secreted by the glands sudoripares eccrine is made up to 99% of water and electrolytes, represented especially by the Sodium chloride (which confer on sweat a light salted savor) and less proportion, the ions potassium, calcium and magnesium.

The 1% remainders are organic compounds. The lactic acid is the principal organic compound present in sweat. Other acids are also detectable with the state of traces, like the acids acetic, propionic, butyric or uric (Urée). The pH of sweat varies between 3,8 and 6,5, in close relationship with the quantity of excreted lactic acid.

Urea, and other wastes. The concentration off sodium vary from 35 to 65 mmol/l and is lower in people acclimatized to has hot environment. The sweat off other species generally differ in composition. -->

Glands sudoripares apocrines

At the Homme these glands are under the Aisselle S, on the skin around the Anus and the Mamelon S. They are larger than the glands eccrines and their conduit excretor emerges in a pilous follicule.

In addition to the basic components identical to those of the sweat of the glands eccrines, secretions of the glands apocrines contain organic molecules (lipids and proteins) whose Phéromone S. Because of bacteria which transform these molecules, these secretions cause typical the " odor of transpiration".

The glands sudoripares apocrines appear only starting from puberty. In the animals, these glands play a part in the mutual recognition, the delimitation of the territory and the capacity of attraction (sexual). A popular subject of studies is to check at which point these functions - particularly the last - play a part at the human ones.

wax off the outer Ear. Others are greatly enlarged and modified to produce Milk. -->

Glands sudoripares in the animals

Certain animals, the such Dog, have only very few glands sudoripares. In hot weather, it is only by other techniques that they manage to eliminate excessive heat, for example while making cool saliva on their language (while haletant).

Moist hands and phenomena of excessive perspiration

The people whose palms exude an excessive sweat (Hyperhidrose palmar primary education) have for 63% of them several parents suffering from the same affection, which lets think that it has a genetic cause.

See too

  • Chromhydrose

  • Diaphorèse
  • Hyperhidrose
  • anhidrose, rare, that one meets in the ectodermal dysplasy (disease transmitted according to the recessive mode)
  • Hyponatrémie
  • Hyperthermie
  • animal Transpiration

References

  • Ferner S, Koszmagk R, Lehmann has, Heilmann W., Z Erkr Atmungsorgane . 1990; 175 (2): 70-5. “Been worth Na Refers off (+) and Cl (-) concentrations in adult sweat”
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