See also: FAI
A supplier of access to Internet ( FAI ), is an organization (generally a Entreprise) offering a connection to the Data-processing network Internet. The term English indicating a FAI is Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Many companies of Télécommunication S are also FAI. With the explosion of the Bubble Internet at the beginning of the Years 2000, many FAI went bankrupt, or had to adapt to survive (reorganization, fusion, repurchase).
Equipment and technique (supplier)
The equipment of FAI forms one or more autonomous networks (one speaks besides about Autonomous System) and has the complete control of architecture, the dimensioning and the organization of their connections.
Exchange traffic (Peering)
It is current that the communications between users of the same FAI do not forward by Internet, and sometimes even between two distinct FAI, which to save band-width exchange terminating traffic one of the other. One names this exchange, exchanges traffic ( Peering ) and the place where it occurs is called terminal point of traffic ( not of peering ). This exchange is often gracious but when the exchange between two FAI is unbalanced or that one of the operators feels injured, a compensation can be implemented.
Backboner
The supplier is thus the point of connection to Internet. The quality of connection directly determines the quality of the access to Internet. Certain operators lay out from now on of a reliable access to a Backbone (“spinal column”, or " dorsal internet"), presumedly able to support the request of the whole of their customers.
Services (customer)
The differences between the offers are done on the tariffs, the band-width (rising and downward) offered, and the support customers but also on the services added such as the lodging of Web site, the access to boxes of Email, the access to Usenet. The private individual neophyte will be interested especially in the facility of use and with documentation and will be wary of the often variable quality of the support, most advanced will lorgneront side of better technical services report/ratio/price, the professional will be interested especially in the fault-tolerance and will ask for guarantees of service (the SLA: Service Agreement Level). In addition, other technical differences can exist, in particular the availability of address IPv6 or fixed IPv4.
Offers Triple Play
See also: Triple Play
The offers of access Internet by ADSL Frenchwomen are accompanied now most of the time by one access on television and the free telephone towards the fixed ones in France. They are the offers " Play" triple;. It is by the telephone socket that the data arrive on your premise. A case provided by your FAI separates flows then and redirects them towards television, the telephone or the computer. The major disadvantage of the offers Triple play appears in the event of breakdown: you will have neither television then, neither telephone, nor Internet. The quality of the telephone is not always perfect, idem for television. But the main advantage is obviously the price. Instead of paying three suppliers separately, you receive all at the same time and for a price relatively low (which depends on the suppliers). Moreover, you will not have to pay any more the France Telecom subscription which rises with 16 €/mois.
Technologies of connection
Various types of access are possible, for example an access STN (Commutated Phone network) rests on a system of modulation-demodulation (the Modem) which makes it possible to convert the numerical informations of the computer in analogical signal forwarding on the ways of telecommunications (pair of copper, satellite, Fiberoptic).
There exist many types of access to Internet, usually ordered by the seniority technology and speed atteignable:
- * Modem 56K
- * Cable modem
- * XDSL of which ADSL
- * FTTH
- * T-carrier: T1, T2, T3
- * Wimax
- * Radio contact by satellite (mono or bidirectional)
- * Cable modem
Itinérance (Roaming)
Certain suppliers propose a service of itinérance (roaming) allowing their customers to connect itself anywhere in the world via other suppliers of access. It is then possible to be connected practically everywhere in the world to the price of a local call or national (and noninternational).
The majority of the suppliers propose an access to boxes of Email. The access to the email is sometimes impossible if the access point is not that of the supplier; this is in particular true for the smtp (outgoing mail), but not inevitably for the entering mail.
Lodging of Web sites
A supplier of access can sometimes also propose offers of lodging, energy of an account of a few hundreds of Mo to a dedicated waiter or a lodging in room, the user then depositing his machine in a protected and air-conditioned room and thus benefitting from a permanent access and very broad band.
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